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Ž.9#;4%6čhBMôĩ7QÎd;Sāŧ%¸^ŊÚâPĶĪ  Įõp:r)Ë!Xœđģ$ī N/…cŠöîŖŌgiFxĐáe2ž,9=_÷ˇo(Õ Ņ('ØLė=kŒ“ŦtÍęøŨÃĀ#ÄaÛ|E<,y—K)8ō"A7CČN \C1˜Ļ›Á<BvŲO"Ģ]Æ:ŗŋĒHųæ$+Kwj50’E Ånß*F&{sL‡0°3š´.ą&é¨fOJMē‘í-+ĨüŸ @įŽ! ERROR - You must be root to run %s.%(option)s option requires %(count)s arguments%s is not a valid protocol.%s is not a valid range (start port >= end port).%s option does not take a value%s option requires an argument(modified)Basic Firewall SettingsConfigurationDestinationInformationSourceUser Skill LevelYour current configuration is empty, all traffic will be blocked.Firewall Configuration WizardSave on stop and Save on restart additionally save rule and chain counter.[-]:A "System without network access" does not need a firewall at all. This selection disables the firewall. Otherwise, choose "System with network access".A firewall allows other computers to access selected services on your computer and helps to prevent unauthorized access beyond these selections. Select the services to which the firewall should allow access.A firewall protects against unauthorized network intrusions. Enabling a firewall blocks all incoming connections. Disabling a firewall allows all connections and is not recommended. AddAdd EntryAdd InterfaceAdd additional ports or port ranges, which need to be accessible for all hosts or networks.Add entries to forward ports either from one port to another on the local system or from the local system to another system. Forwarding to another system is only useful if the interface is masqueraded. Port forwarding is IPv4 only.Address '%s' is not valid.All %s devicesAllow access to necessary ports or port ranges, only.Allow access to necessary services, only.Allow all traffic on the specified deviceAmanda Backup ClientApplyApply changesAuthentication is required to read and modify firewall settingsBackBackwards compatibility, aliased to --enabledBaculaBacula ClientBacula is a network backup solution. Enable this option, if you plan to provide Bacula backup, file and storage services.Be more verboseBeginnerBeginner ExpertBlock this ICMP type. The default is to accept all ICMP types.CancelClicking the 'Yes' button will override any existing firewall configuration. Are you sure that you want to do this?CloseConfiguration failedConfigure SELinux mode: %sConfigure SELinux type: Usually targeted or strict PolicyConfigure Service SettingsConfigure firewall but do not activate the new configurationConfigure firewall helper modules for connection trackingConfigure firewall rulesConfigure the iptables and ip6tables service settings.Conntrack HelperConverting %sCustom RulesCustom Rules FileCustomizeDNSDefault:DescriptionDesktopDesktop ServerDestination (at least one needed)Destination UnreachableDisableDisable FirewallDisable Internet Printing Protocol (IPP)Disable Internet Protocol Security (IPsec)Disable Multicast DNS (mDNS)Disable an iptables moduleDisable firewallERROR: FirewallD is active, please use firewall-config.Echo Reply (pong)Echo Request (ping)EditEdit EntryEnableEnable FirewallEnable an iptables moduleEnable firewallEnable firewall (default)Enable this option if you want to allow remote virtual machine management with SASL authentication and encryption (digest-md5 passwords or GSSAPI/Kerberos). The libvirtd service is needed for this option to be useful.Enable this option if you want to allow remote virtual machine management with TLS encryption, x509 certificates and optional SASL authentication. The libvirtd service is needed for this option to be useful.EnabledErrorExpertFTPFTP is a protocol used for remote file transfer. If you plan to make your FTP server publicly available, enable this option. You need the vsftpd package installed for this option to be useful.Failed to remove %s.Failed to start %s.Failed to stop %s.Failed to write %s.Failed to write selinux configuration.FileFile:FilenameFirewallFirewall ConfigurationFirewall Configuration StartupFirewall Configuration WizardFirewall TableFirewall Table:Firewall authorizationFirewall:ForwardForward the port with protocol for the interface to either another local destination port (no destination address given) or to an other destination address with an optional destination port. This is IPv4 only.Forward to another portHTTP is the protocol used to serve Web pages. If you plan to make your Web server publicly available, enable this option. This option is not required for viewing pages locally or developing Web pages.HTTPS is a modified HTTP used to serve Web pages when security is important. Examples are sites that require logins like stores or web mail. This option is not required for viewing pages locally or developing Web pages. You need the httpd package installed for this option to be useful.Here you can define which services are trusted. Trusted services are accessible from all hosts and networks.Hit OK to apply your changes. You do not need to restart the firewall, the changes are effective as soon as they are applied.Hit enter to continue.ICMP FilterICMP TypeIMAP over SSLIP address:IPsecIPv6 has no nat support.If you clear the keep configuration button, the actual firewall configuration will be overwritten.If you enable local forwarding, you have to specify a port. This port has to be different to the source port.If you enable masquerading, IP forwarding will also be enabled for your IPv4 networks.If you need further firewall settings, please modify your configuration by hand, but keep in mind, that this tool is not able to load your custom configuration. If you are using this tool, all your manual changes will be lost. If you do not want to lose your manual configuration changes, leave this program without applying.IgnoreIgnore AllIgnore actual settingsInterfaceInterface '%s' is not valid.Interface:Internet Protocol Security (IPsec) incorporates security for network transmissions directly into the Internet Protocol (IP). IPsec provides methods for both encrypting data and authentication for the host or network it sends to. If you plan to use a vpnc server or FreeS/WAN, do not disable this option.Invalid argument %sKeep ConfigurationKey:List predefined services.List the supported icmp types.LoadLoad _Default ConfigurationLocal forwardingMail (SMTP)Make sure to open the destination port on the remote system.Mark all interfaces as trusted which should have full access to the system.Mark the ICMP types in the list, which should be rejected. All other ICMP types are allowed to pass the firewall. The default is no limitation.Mark the interfaces to be masqueraded.Masquerades traffic from the specified device. This is IPv4 only.MasqueradingMasquerading allows you to set up a host or router that connects your local network to the internet. Your local network will not be visible and the hosts appear as a single address on the internet. Masquerading is IPv4 only.Move Entry DownMove Entry UpMulticast DNS (mDNS)NFS4Network Printing Client (IPP)Network Printing Server (IPP)NoNo configurationNot configuredNumeric status outputOKOld firewall configuration.Only mark interfaces if you can trust all participants on that network interface.Open specific ports in the firewall (e.g, ssh:tcp)Open the firewall for a service (e.g, ssh)OpenVPNOpenVPN is a virtual private network (VPN) solution. It is used to create encrypted point-to-point tunnels between computers. If you plan to provide a VPN service, enable this option.Other PortsPOP-3 over SSLParameter ProblemParse error in config filePlease answer the questions in the following configuration steps. The wizard leads you back to the main application and hides all unnecessary configuration options.Please check your firewall settings after applying custom rules.Please enter a port or port range and protocol.Please enter a valid port number, service name or range.Please load a default configuration from the Options menu or use the wizard.Please remember to check if the services iptables and ip6tables are enabled.Please remember to check your firewall configuration before using it.Please select an entry from the list or enter a interface further down.Please select an entry from the list or enter a port and protocol further down.Please select keep configuration or choose to load a default configuration.Please select the protocol type, the firewall table and the file containing the rules.Please select the source and destination options according to your needs.Please specify your firewall skills.PortPort / Port Range:Port ForwardingPort and ProtocolPort or port range '%s' is not valid.Port/ProtocolPort:Predefined Services with Default Environment:Print a counter/number for every rule in the status output.Print addresses and ports in numeric format for the status output.Print information about the number of packets and bytes plus the input- and outputdevice in the status output.ProtocolProtocol '%s' is not valid.Protocol TypeProtocol Type:Protocol:QuitRADIUSRed Hat Cluster SuiteRedirectReloadReload current configurationRemoveRemove EntryRouter AdvertisementRouter SolicitationRun noninteractively; process only command-line argumentsSELinux Options (deprecated)SSHSambaSamba ClientSave and restore counterSave on restartSave on stopSave the active firewall configuration with all changes since the last start before restarting the firewall. Only do this if you need to preserve the active state for the next start.Save the active firewall configuration with all changes since the last start before stopping the firewall. Only do this if you need to preserve the active state for the next start.Secure Shell (SSH) is a protocol for logging into and executing commands on remote machines. It provides secure encrypted communications. If you plan on accessing your machine remotely via SSH over a firewalled interface, enable this option. You need the openssh-server package installed for this option to be useful.Secure WWW (HTTPS)SelectSelect "Expert" if you are familiar with firewall configurations or if you need to add user customized rules. Otherwise, choose "Beginner".Select a FileServerServiceService SettingsSet firewall default type: %s. This overwrites any existing configuration.Show this help messageShow versionSource (all needed)Source QuenchSpecify a custom rules file for inclusion in the firewall, after the default rules. Default protocol type: ipv4, default table: filter. (Example: ipv4:filter:/etc/sysconfig/ipv4_filter_addon)Start WizardStart configuration wizardStatus line numbersSupported icmp types:System without network access System with network accessTFTPTFTP ClientTODOTableThe Amanda backup client option allows you to connect to a Amanda backup and archiving server. You need the amanda-client package installed for this option to be useful.The Domain Name System (DNS) is used to provide and request host and domain names. Enable this option, if you plan to provide a domain name service (e.g. with bind).The Internet Message Access Protocol over SSL (IMAPs) allows a local client to access email on a remote server in a secure way. If you plan to provide a IMAP over SSL service (e.g. with dovecot), enable this option.The Internet Printing Protocol (IPP) is used for distributed printing. IPP (over tcp) provides the ability to share printers over the network. Enable this option if you plan to share printers via cups over the network.The Internet Printing Protocol (IPP) is used for distributed printing. IPP (over udp) provides the ability to get information about a printer (e.g. capability and status) and to control printer jobs. If you plan to use a remote network printer via cups, do not disable this option.The NFS4 protocol is used to share files via TCP networking. You will need to have the NFS tools installed and properly configure your NFS server for this option to be useful.The Post Office Protocol version 3 (POP3) is a protocol to retrieve email from a remote server over a TCP/IP connection. Enable this option, if you plan to provide a POP3 service (e.g. with dovecot).The Remote Authentication Dial In User Service (RADIUS) is a protocol for user authentication over networks. It is mostly used for modem, DSL or wireless user authentication. If you plan to provide a RADIUS service (e.g. with freeradius), enable this option.The Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) is a protocol used to transfer files to and from a remote machine in s simple way. It is normally used only for booting diskless workstations and also to transfer data in the Preboot eXecution Environment (PXE).The file '%s' does not exist.The firewall configuration is not consistent.The firewall is disabled.The firewall is enabled.The firewall table '%s' is not valid.The following files are missing or unusable: %s Apply your firewall configuration now to correct this problem.The protocol type '%s' is not valid.There are unapplied changes, do you really want to quit?This error message informs a host to send packets on another route.This error message is generated by a host or gateway if the destination is not reachable.This error message is generated if the IP header is bad, either by a missing option or bad length.This error message is generated if the time-to-live was exceeded either of a packet or of the reassembling of a fragmented packet.This error message is generated to tell a host to reduce the pace at which it is sending packets.This message is the answer to an Echo Request.This message is used by a host attached to a multicast link to request a Router AdvertisementThis message is used by routers to periodically announce the IP address of a multicast interface.This message is used to test if a host is reachable mostly with the ping utility.This option allows a Bacula server to connect to the local machine to schedule backups. You need the bacula-client package installed for this option to be useful.This option allows incoming SMTP mail delivery. If you need to allow remote hosts to connect directly to your machine to deliver mail, enable this option. You do not need to enable this if you collect your mail from your ISP's server by POP3 or IMAP, or if you use a tool such as fetchmail. Note that an improperly configured SMTP server can allow remote machines to use your server to send spam.This option allows you to access Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) servers. You need the tftp package installed for this option to be useful.This option allows you to access Windows file and printer sharing networks. You need the samba-client package installed for this option to be useful.This option allows you to access and participate in Windows file and printer sharing networks. You need the samba package installed for this option to be useful.This option allows you to use the Red Hat Cluster Suite. Ports are opened for openais, ricci and dlm. You need the Red Hat Cluster Suite installed for this option to be useful.This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program. If not, see .This program will help you to set up a basic firewall for your system.This wizard helps you to set up a clean firewall configuration for your system.Time ExceededTo AddressTo PortTo ensure a sane state, the kernel firewall modules must be unloaded when the firewall is restarted or stopped.Trusted InterfacesTrusted ServicesTypeUnload modules on restart and stopUpdate firewall non-interactively if the firewall is enabled. This will also restart the firewall. The -n and -f options will be ignored.Use custom rules files to add additional rules to the firewall. The custom rules are added after the default rules. The files must have the iptables-save format.User DefinedUser Skill LevelUsing these options with no additional firewall options will not create or alter firewall configuration, only SELinux will be configured.Valid values: %sValid values: [-], where port is either a number [0..65535] or a service name.Valid values: tcp, udpVerbose statusVirtual Machine ManagementVirtual Machine Management (TLS)WWW (HTTP)WarningWhat kind of system do you have?WizardYesYou can change the settings in the Options menu afterwards.Your firewall configuration was converted from an old version. Please verify the configuration and apply.[:][:]_About_File_Help_Options_Quit_Start Configuration Wizardconfigurationif=:port=:proto=[:toport=][:toaddr=]invalid interface '%s'.invalid port definition %s.invalid service '%s'.ipv6 has no nat support.localmDNS provides the ability to use DNS programming interfaces, packet formats and operating semantics in a small network without a conventional DNS server. If you plan to use Avahi, do not disable this option.modified labelno such option: %soption %(option)s: invalid forward_port '%(value)s'.option %(option)s: invalid forward_port '%(value)s': %(error)s.option %(option)s: invalid icmp type '%(value)s'.port range %s is not unique.system-config-firewalltranslator-creditsyesFirewall ConfigurationyesMark the ICMP types in the list, which should be rejected. All other ICMP types are allowed to pass the firewall. The default is no limitation.yesThe Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) is mainly used to send error messages between networked computers, but additionally for informational messages like ping requests and replies.yesUse custom rules files to add additional rules to the firewall. The custom rules are added after the default rules. The files must have the iptables-save format.Project-Id-Version: system-config-firewall Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: POT-Creation-Date: 2011-02-16 16:32+0200 PO-Revision-Date: 2013-11-20 09:28+0000 Last-Translator: runa Language-Team: Bengali (India) (http://www.transifex.com/projects/p/system-config-firewall/language/bn_IN/) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Language: bn_IN Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1); āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϝāĻž - %s āϚāĻžāϞāĻžāύ⧋āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ root āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϚ⧟ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āφāĻŦāĻļā§āϝāĻ•āĨ¤%(option)s āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ⧇āϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ %(count)s-āϟāĻŋ āφāĻ°ā§āϗ⧁āĻŽā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟ āφāĻŦāĻļā§āϝāĻ•%s āĻŦ⧈āϧ āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻŸā§‹āĻ•āϞ āύ⧟āĨ¤%s āĻŦ⧈āϧ āϏ⧀āĻŽāĻž āύ⧟ (āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϰāĻŽā§āĻ­āĻŋāĻ• āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ >= āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϤāĻŋāĻŽ āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ)āĨ¤%s āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āĻŽāĻžāύ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§Ÿ āύāĻž%s āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ⧇āϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āφāĻ°ā§āϗ⧁āĻŽā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟ āφāĻŦāĻļā§āϝāĻ•(āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ)āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻŽā§ŒāϞāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦ⧈āĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āϝāĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύāĻ—āĻ¨ā§āϤāĻŦā§āϝāϤāĻĨā§āϝāĻ‰ā§ŽāϏāĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀āϰ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻœā§āĻžāϤāĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰāĻžāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āĻŽāĻžāύ āύ⧇āχ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏāĻ•āϞ āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāĻĢāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āϧ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύ āωāχāϜāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻŦāĻ¨ā§āϧ āĻšāϞ⧇ āϏāĻ‚āϰāĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύ āĻ“ āĻĒ⧁āύāϰāĻžāϰāĻŽā§āĻ­ āĻšāϞ⧇ āϏāĻ‚āϰāĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϞ⧇ āϰ⧁āϞ āĻ“ āĻšā§‡āχāύ āĻ•āĻžāωāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰ āϏāĻ‚āϰāĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤[-]:"āύ⧇āϟāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻšā§€āύ āϏāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻŽ"-āϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āφāĻŦāĻļā§āϝāĻ• āύ⧟āĨ¤ āĻāϟāĻŋ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāϚāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϞ⧇ āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āύāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻšā§Ÿā§‡ āϝāĻžāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻĨāĻž "āύ⧇āϟāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āϏāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻŽ" āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāϚāύ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻ…āύāϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŦ⧇āĻļ āϰ⧋āϧ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āωāĻĻā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļā§āϝ⧇ āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžāϰ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ•ā§Ÿā§‡āĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϏ⧁āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦāĻž āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŽāϤāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŦ⧇āύāĨ¤ āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦāĻž āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŽāϤāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻšāϞ⧇ āϏ⧇āϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āϚāĻŋāĻšā§āύāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžāϰāϕ⧇ āύ⧇āϟāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ• āωāĻĻā§āĻ­ā§‚āϤ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻĒā§āϰāĻŦ⧇āĻļ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āϰāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤ āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āϏāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϞ⧇ āϏāĻ•āϞ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϤāĻ°ā§āĻŽā§āĻ–ā§€ āϏāĻ‚āϝ⧋āĻ— āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āϧ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“ā§ŸāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āφāϰ āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āύāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āϞ⧇ āϏāĻ•āϞ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āϏāĻ‚āϝ⧋āĻ— āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŽā§‹āĻĻāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϞ⧇āĻ“ āĻāχ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϟāĻŋ āĻ…āĻŦāϞāĻŽā§āĻŦāύ āύāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻžāĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻļ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“ā§ŸāĻž āϝāĻžāĻšā§āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āϝ⧋āĻ— āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĻāύāĻŸā§āϰāĻŋ āϝ⧋āĻ— āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāχāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰāĻĢ⧇āϏ āϝ⧋āĻ— āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāϏāĻŦ āĻšā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āύ⧇āϟāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ• āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āĻ…āϤāĻŋāϰāĻŋāĻ•ā§āϤ āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡āϰ āϏ⧀āĻŽāĻž āϝ⧋āĻ— āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨ā§€ā§Ÿ āϏāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻŽā§‡āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡ āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨ā§€ā§Ÿ āϏāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻŽ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝ āϏāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻŽā§‡ āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ āĻĢāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻŽāĻžāύ āϞāĻŋāϖ⧁āύāĨ¤ āχāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰāĻĢ⧇āϏ masquerade āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āϞ⧇ āĻĒ⧃āĻĨāĻ• āϏāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻŽā§‡ āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ āĻĢāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄ āĻ•āϰāĻž āωāĻĒāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ āĻĢāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻž āĻļ⧁āϧ⧁āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰ IPv4-āϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāϝ⧋āĻœā§āϝāĨ¤'%s' āĻ āĻŋāĻ•āĻžāύāĻž āĻŦ⧈āϧ āύ⧟āĨ¤āϏāĻŦ %s āĻĄāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāχāϏāĻļ⧁āϧāĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰ āφāĻŦāĻļā§āϝāĻ• āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡āϰ āϏ⧀āĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŽāϤāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤āĻļ⧁āϧ⧁āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰ āφāĻŦāĻļā§āϝāĻ• āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŽā§‹āĻĻāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤āωāĻ˛ā§āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāχāϏ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϏāĻ‚āĻļā§āϞāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āϏāĻ•āϞ āϝ⧋āĻ—āĻžāϝ⧋āĻ— āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŽā§‹āĻĻāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇Amanda āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ•-āφāĻĒ āĻ•ā§āϞāĻžā§Ÿā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟāĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āĻŦ⧈āĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āϝ āĻĒ⧜āĻžāϰ āĻ“ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŽā§‹āĻĻāύ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āϜāύāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤ⧀āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤ⧀ āϏāĻ‚āĻ¸ā§āĻ•āϰāϪ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϏāĻžāĻŽāĻžā§āϜāĻ¸ā§āϝ, āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻ•āϰāϛ⧇ --enabled āύāĻžāĻŽāĻ• āĻ…āĻĒāĻļāύBaculaBacula āĻ•ā§āϞāĻžā§Ÿā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟBacula āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āύ⧇āϟāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ• āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ•-āφāĻĒ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĨ¤ Bacula-āϰ āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āϝ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ•-āφāĻĒ, āĻĢāĻžāχāϞ āĻ“ āϏāĻ‚āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāϞ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦāĻž āωāĻĒāϞāĻŦā§āϧ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻāχ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāϟāĻŋ āϏāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ• āĻ­āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‹āϏ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āύāĻŦā§€āύāύāĻŦā§€āύ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻœā§āĻžāĻāχ ICMP āϧāϰāύ āĻ…āĻŦāϰ⧁āĻĻā§āϧ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āĻĄāĻŋāĻĢāĻ˛ā§āϟāϰ⧂āĻĒ⧇ āϏāĻ•āϞ ICMP-āϰ āϧāϰāύ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤āĻŦāĻžāϤāĻŋāϞ'āĻšā§āϝāĻžāρ' āĻļā§€āĻ°ā§āώāĻ• āĻŦāĻžāϟāύ āĻŸā§‡āĻĒāĻž āĻšāϞ⧇ āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āωāĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύ āĻ…āĻ—ā§āϰāĻžāĻšā§āϝ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āφāĻĒāύāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋ āύāĻŋāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāϤāϰ⧂āĻĒ⧇ āĻāχ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āχāĻšā§āϛ⧁āĻ•?āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āϧ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĢāϞSELinux āĻŽā§‹āĻĄ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύ: %sSELinux āϟāĻžāχāĻĒ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύ: āϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖāϤ targeted āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž strict āĻĒāϞāĻŋāϏāĻŋāĻĒāϰāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦāĻž āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻŦ⧈āĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āϝ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āύāϤ⧁āύ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύ āϏāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āύāĻžāϏāĻ‚āϝ⧋āĻ— āύāĻŋāϰ⧀āĻ•ā§āώāϪ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āϏāĻšāĻžā§ŸāĻ• āĻŽāĻĄāĻŋāωāϞ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āύāĻŋ⧟āĻŽ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύiptables āĻ“ ip6tables āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻŦ⧈āĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āϝ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤Conntrack Helper%s āϰ⧂āĻĒāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāϚāĻŋāϤ āύāĻŋ⧟āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻŦāύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ āύāĻŋ⧟āĻŽāύ⧀āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻĢāĻžāχāϞāĻ¸ā§āĻŦāύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāϚāĻŋāϤDNSāĻĄāĻŋāĻĢāĻ˛ā§āϟ:āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦāϰāĻŖāĻĄā§‡āĻ¸ā§āĻ•āϟāĻĒāĻĄā§‡āĻ¸ā§āĻ•āϟāĻĒ āϏāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāϰāĻ—āĻ¨ā§āϤāĻŦā§āϝāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāϞ (āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϤāϤ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āφāĻŦāĻļā§āϝāĻ•)āωāĻĻā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āϏāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻŽ āĻĒāĻžāĻ“ā§ŸāĻž āϝāĻžā§ŸāύāĻŋāύāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āύāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āχāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰāύ⧇āϟ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻŸā§‹āĻ•āϞ (IPP) āύāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāχāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰāύ⧇āϟ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ‚ āϏāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋāωāϰāĻŋāϟāĻŋ (IPsec) āύāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĻŽāĻžāĻ˛ā§āϟāĻŋ-āĻ•āĻžāĻ¸ā§āϟ DNS (mDNS) āύāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ iptables āĻŽāĻĄāĻŋāωāϞ āύāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āύāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇ERROR: FirewallD āϏāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‡āϛ⧇, āĻ…āύ⧁āĻ—ā§āϰāĻš āĻ•āϰ⧇ firewall-config āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤Echo āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¤ā§āϝ⧁āĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ (pong)Echo āĻ…āύ⧁āϰ⧋āϧ (ping)āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāĻĻāύāĻžāĻāύāĻŸā§āϰāĻŋ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāĻĻāύāĻžāϏāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āϏāĻˇā§āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ iptables āĻŽāĻĄāĻŋāωāϞ āϏāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āϏāĻˇā§āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āϏāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇ (āĻĄāĻŋāĻĢāĻ˛ā§āϟ)SASL āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŽā§‹āĻĻāύ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻž āĻ“ āĻāύāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋāĻĒāĻļāύ (digest-md5 āĻĒāĻžāϏāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄ āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž GSSAPI/Kerberos) āϏāĻšāϝ⧋āϗ⧇ āĻĻā§‚āϰāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤ⧀ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻ­āĻžāĻ°ā§āϚ⧁⧟āĻžāϞ āĻŽā§‡āĻļāĻŋāύ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϚāĻžāϞāύāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϏ⧁āĻŦāĻŋāϧāϰ āωāĻĒāϞāĻŦā§āϧ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻšāϞ⧇ āĻāχ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāϟāĻŋ āϏāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤ āĻāχ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāϟāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ libvirtd āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦāĻž āφāĻŦāĻļā§āϝāĻ•āĨ¤TLS āĻāύāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋāĻĒāĻļāύ, x509 āϏāĻžāĻ°ā§āϟāĻŋāĻĢāĻŋāϕ⧇āϟ āĻ“ āϐāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋāĻ• āϰ⧂āĻĒ⧇ SASL āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŽā§‹āĻĻāύ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻž āϏāĻšāϝ⧋āϗ⧇ āĻĻā§‚āϰāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤ⧀ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻ­āĻžāĻ°ā§āϚ⧁⧟āĻžāϞ āĻŽā§‡āĻļāĻŋāύ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϚāĻžāϞāύāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϏ⧁āĻŦāĻŋāϧāϰ āωāĻĒāϞāĻŦā§āϧ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻšāϞ⧇ āĻāχ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāϟāĻŋ āϏāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤ āĻāχ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāϟāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ libvirtd āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦāĻž āφāĻŦāĻļā§āϝāĻ•āĨ¤Enabled (āϏāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟)āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧁āϟāĻŋāĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻœā§āĻžFTPFTP āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻŸā§‹āĻ•āϞ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āϝ⧇ āύ⧇āϟāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āϕ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻžāχāϰ⧇ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ āĻĻā§‚āϰāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤ⧀ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻĢāĻžāχāϞ āĻŦāĻŋāύāĻŋāĻŽā§Ÿ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ FTP āϏāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāϰ āϏāĻ•āϞ⧇āϰ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āωāĻ¨ā§āĻŽā§āĻ•ā§āϤ āϰāĻžāĻ–āϤ⧇ āϚāĻžāύ, āϤāĻŦ⧇ āĻāχ āĻ…āĻĒāĻļāύāϟāĻŋ āϏāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤ āĻāχ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāϟāĻŋ āĻŦāϞāĻŦāĻ¤â€Œ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ vsftpd āĻĒā§āϝāĻžāϕ⧇āϜāϟāĻŋ āχāύāĻ¸ā§āϟāϞ āĻ•āϰāĻž āφāĻŦāĻļā§āϝāĻ•āĨ¤%s āĻŽā§āϛ⧇ āĻĢ⧇āϞāϤ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĨ¤%s āφāϰāĻŽā§āĻ­ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĨ¤%s āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āϧ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĨ¤%s āϞāĻŋāĻ–āϤ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĨ¤selinux āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύ āϞāĻŋāĻ–āϤ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĨ¤āĻĢāĻžāχāϞāĻĢāĻžāχāϞ:āĻĢāĻžāχāϞ⧇āϰ āύāĻžāĻŽāĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞāĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύāĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϰāĻŽā§āĻ­āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύ āωāχāϜāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āĻŸā§‡āĻŦāĻŋāϞāĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āĻŸā§‡āĻŦāĻŋāϞ:āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŽā§‹āĻĻāύāĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ:āĻĒāϰāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤ⧀āχāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰāĻĢ⧇āϏ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻŸā§‹āĻ•āϞ āϏāĻš āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟāĻŋāϟāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻĒ⧃āĻĨāĻ• āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨ā§€ā§Ÿ āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ (āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āωāĻĻā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āĻ āĻŋāĻ•āĻžāύāĻž āωāĻ˛ā§āϞ⧇āĻ– āύāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϞ⧇) āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻĒ⧃āĻĨāĻ• āĻ—āĻ¨ā§āϤāĻŦā§āϝāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāϞ⧇āϰ āĻ āĻŋāĻ•āĻžāύāĻž āĻ“ āϐāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋāĻ•āϰ⧂āĻĒ⧇ āωāĻĻā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ āϏāĻš āĻĢāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āĻļ⧁āϧ⧁āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰ IPv4-āϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāϝ⧋āĻœā§āϝāĨ¤āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āĻĒ⧃āĻĨāĻ• āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡ āĻĢāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇HTTP āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻŸā§‹āĻ•āϞ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āϝ⧇ āĻ“ā§Ÿā§‡āĻŦāĻĒ⧇āϜ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁āϤ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤ āϏāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŦāϜāύ⧀āύ āϰ⧂āĻĒ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ“ā§Ÿā§‡āĻŦ āϏāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāϰ āωāĻ¨ā§āĻŽā§āĻ•ā§āϤ āϰāĻžāĻ–āϤ⧇ āĻšāϞ⧇ āĻāχ āĻ…āĻĒāĻļāύāϟāĻŋ āϏāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤ āϤāĻŦ⧇ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨ā§€ā§Ÿ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžāϰ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻ“ā§Ÿā§‡āĻŦāĻĒ⧇āϜ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āϤ⧇ āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āϤ⧈āϰāĻŋ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻāχ āĻ…āĻĒāĻļāύāϟāĻŋāϰ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āϜāύ āύ⧇āχāĨ¤āύāĻŋāϰāĻžāĻĒāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻžāϰ āϗ⧁āϰ⧁āĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ• āĻšāϞ⧇ HTTPS āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻŸā§‹āĻ•āϞ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āϝ⧇ āĻ“ā§Ÿā§‡āĻŦāĻĒ⧇āϜ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁āϤ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤ āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖāĻ¸ā§āĻŦāϰ⧂āĻĒ, āϞāĻ—-āχāύ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻŦāĻžāĻŖāĻŋāĻœā§āϝāĻŋāĻ• āĻ“ā§Ÿā§‡āĻŦ āϏāĻžāχāϟ āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻ“ā§Ÿā§‡āĻŦ āĻŽā§‡āχāϞāĨ¤ āϤāĻŦ⧇ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨ā§€ā§Ÿ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžāϰ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻ“ā§Ÿā§‡āĻŦāĻĒ⧇āϜ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āϤ⧇ āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āϤ⧈āϰāĻŋ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻāχ āĻ…āĻĒāĻļāύāϟāĻŋāϰ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āϜāύ āύ⧇āχāĨ¤ āĻāχ āĻ…āĻĒāĻļāύāϟāĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ•āϰ⧀ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ httpd āĻĒā§āϝāĻžāϕ⧇āϜāϟāĻŋ āχāύāĻ¸ā§āϟāϞ āĻ•āϰāĻž āφāĻŦāĻļā§āϝāĻ•āĨ¤āĻāχ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āϤ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦāĻž āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āϤ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦāĻžāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āϏāĻŦ āĻšā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻ“ āύ⧇āϟāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ• āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āφāϛ⧇ āϟāĻŋāĻĒ⧁āύāĨ¤ āĻāϰ āĻĢāϞ⧇ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻ¤ā§ŽāĻ•ā§āώāĻŖāĻžā§Ž āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āĻĒ⧁āύāϰāĻžāϰāĻŽā§āĻ­ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āϜāύ āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āύāĻžāĨ¤āĻāĻ—āĻŋā§Ÿā§‡ āϚāϞāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ Enter āϟāĻŋāĻĒ⧁āύāĨ¤ICMP āĻĢāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āϟāĻžāϰICMP āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§ƒāϤāĻŋSSL-āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ IMAPIP āĻ āĻŋāĻ•āĻžāύāĻž:IPSecIPv6-āϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ nat āϏāĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻĨāύ āωāĻĒāϞāĻŦā§āϧ āύ⧟āĨ¤āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύ āĻ…āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ āϰāĻžāĻ–āĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āĻŦāĻžāϟāύāϟāĻŋ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāϚāύ āϏāϰāĻŋā§Ÿā§‡ āύāĻŋāϞ⧇ āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύ āύāϤ⧁āύ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϞ⧇āĻ–āĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨ā§€ā§Ÿāϰ⧂āĻĒ⧇ āĻĢāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āχāĻšā§āϛ⧁āĻ• āĻšāϞ⧇, āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻ•āϰāĻž āφāĻŦāĻļā§āϝāĻ•āĨ¤ āωāĻĻā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟāϟāĻŋ āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏ āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡āϰ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻĒ⧃āĻĨāĻ• āĻšāĻ“ā§ŸāĻž āφāĻŦāĻļā§āϝāĻ•āĨ¤masquerading āϏāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϞ⧇, āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ IPv4 āύ⧇āϟāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āϕ⧇āϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ IP āĻĢāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻž āϏāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻ…āϤāĻŋāϰāĻŋāĻ•ā§āϤ āĻŦ⧈āĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āϝ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āϜāύ āĻšāϞ⧇, āĻ…āύ⧁āĻ—ā§āϰāĻš āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦ⧟āĻ‚ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤ āĻāχ āϏāϰāĻžā§āϜāĻžāĻŽ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύ āϞ⧋āĻĄ āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āύāĻžāĨ¤ āĻāχ āϏāϰāĻžā§āϜāĻžāĻŽ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϞ⧇, āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻŽā§āϛ⧇ āϝāĻžāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžā§Ÿā§€ āϰāĻžāĻ–āϤ⧇ āĻšāϞ⧇ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āĻ— āύāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻ—ā§āϰāĻžāĻŽ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤āωāĻĒ⧇āĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϤ āωāĻĒ⧇āĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§ƒāϤ āĻŦ⧈āĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āϝ āĻ…āĻ—ā§āϰāĻžāĻšā§āϝ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āχāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰāĻĢ⧇āϏ'%s' āχāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰāĻĢ⧇āϏ āĻŦ⧈āϧ āύ⧟āĨ¤āχāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰāĻĢ⧇āϏ:āχāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰāύ⧇āϟ āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻŸā§‹āĻ•āϞ āϏāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋāωāϰāĻŋāϟāĻŋ (IPsec) āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āϏāϰāĻžāϏāϰāĻŋ āχāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰāύ⧇āϟ āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻŸā§‹āĻ•āϞ⧇āϰ (IP) āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āύ⧇āϟāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āϕ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āϤāĻĨā§āϝ āĻŦāĻŋāύāĻŋāĻŽā§Ÿ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟āĻžāϰ āύāĻŋāϰāĻžāĻĒāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻžāϰ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻž āωāĻĒāϞāĻŦā§āϧ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤ IPSec āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āωāĻĻā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āĻšā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻ“ āύ⧇āϟāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āϕ⧇ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϤāĻĨā§āϝ āĻ“ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŽā§‹āĻĻāύ āωāϭ⧟ āĻāύāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋāĻĒā§āϟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ vpnc āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž FreeS/WAN āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āχāĻšā§āϛ⧁āĻ• āĻšāϞ⧇ āĻāχ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāϟāĻŋ āύāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ•āϰāĻŦ⧇āύ āύāĻžāĨ¤āĻ…āĻŦ⧈āϧ āφāĻ°ā§āϗ⧁āĻŽā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟ %sāĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύ āĻ…āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ āϰāĻžāĻ–āĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĻ•āĻŋ:āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦāύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦāĻžāϰ āϤāĻžāϞāĻŋāĻ•āĻž āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤āϏāĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ icmp-āϰ āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ āϤāĻžāϞāĻŋāĻ•āĻž āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤āϞ⧋āĻĄ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĻĄāĻŋāĻĢāĻ˛ā§āϟ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύ āϞ⧋āĻĄ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇ (_D)āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨ā§€ā§Ÿāϰ⧂āĻĒ⧇ āĻĢāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻŋāĻ‚āĻŽā§‡āχāϞ (SMTP)āĻĻā§‚āϰāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤ⧀ āϏāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻŽā§‡āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āωāĻĻā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ āύāĻŋāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāϤāϰ⧂āĻĒ⧇ āωāĻ¨ā§āĻŽā§āĻ•ā§āϤ āϰāĻžāĻ–āĻž āφāĻŦāĻļā§āϝāĻ•āĨ¤āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āϏāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻŽ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŽā§‹āĻĻāĻŋāϤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āϤ āχāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰāĻĢ⧇āϏāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āϚāĻŋāĻšā§āύāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¤ā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āωāĻĻā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļā§āϝ⧇, āϤāĻžāϞāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ ICMP-āϰ āϧāϰāύāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āϚāĻŋāĻšā§āύāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϏāĻ•āϞ ICMP-āϰ āϧāϰāύāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŦ⧇āĻļ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āϏāĻ•ā§āώāĻŽ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āĻĄāĻŋāĻĢāĻ˛ā§āϟāϰ⧂āĻĒ⧇ āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāϰ⧋āϧ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§Ÿ āύāĻžāĨ¤masquerading-āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āχāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰāĻĢ⧇āϏ āϚāĻŋāĻšā§āύāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤āύāĻŋāĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāχāϏ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻ‰ā§ŽāĻĒāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāĻĢāĻŋāĻ• masquerade āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āĻļ⧁āϧ⧁āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰ IPv4-āϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāϝ⧋āĻœā§āϝāĨ¤MasqueradingāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨ā§€ā§Ÿ āύ⧇āϟāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ•, āχāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰāύ⧇āĻŸā§‡āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϏāĻ‚āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻšā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āϰāĻžāωāϟāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁āϤāĻŋāϰ āϏāĻŽā§Ÿ Masquerading āϏāĻšā§ŸāĻžāĻ•āĨ¤ āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨ā§€ā§Ÿ āύ⧇āϟāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ• āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•āĻžāĻļāĻŋāϤ āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āύāĻž āĻ“ āχāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰāύ⧇āĻŸā§‡ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻšā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟ āϰ⧂āĻĒ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁āϤ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ Masquerading āĻļ⧁āϧ⧁āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰ IPv4-āϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāϝ⧋āĻœā§āϝāĨ¤āĻāύāĻŸā§āϰāĻŋ āύ⧀āĻšā§‡ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤāϰāĻāύāĻŸā§āϰāĻŋ āωāĻĒāϰ⧇ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤāϰāĻŽāĻžāĻ˛ā§āϟāĻŋ-āĻ•āĻžāĻ¸ā§āϟ DNS (mDNS)NFS4āύ⧇āϟāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ• āĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻ•ā§āϞāĻžā§Ÿā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟ (IPP)āύ⧇āϟāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ• āĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ‚ āϏāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāϰ (IPP)āύāĻžāĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤāĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§ŸāύāĻŋāĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϏ⧂āϚāĻ• āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžāϏāĻš āφāωāϟāĻĒ⧁āϟāĻ āĻŋāĻ• āφāϛ⧇āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āĻĒ⧁āϰ⧋āύ⧋ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύāĨ¤āύ⧇āϟāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ• āχāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰāĻĢ⧇āϏ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āωāĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ āϏāĻ•āϞ āϏāĻĻāĻ¸ā§āϝ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāĻžāϏāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āĻšāϞ⧇ āϏāĻ‚āĻļā§āϞāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āχāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰāĻĢ⧇āϏāϟāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āϤ āϰ⧂āĻĒ⧇ āϚāĻŋāĻšā§āύāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻĻāĻŋā§Ÿā§‡ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁ āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡āϰ āϝ⧋āĻ—āĻžāϝ⧋āĻ— āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŽā§‹āĻĻāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇ (āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖāĻ¸ā§āĻŦāϰ⧂āĻĒ, ssh:tcp)āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŦ⧇āĻļ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŽāϤāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύ (āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖāĻ¸ā§āĻŦāϰ⧂āĻĒ, ssh)OpenVPNOpenVPN āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻ­āĻžāĻ°ā§āϚ⧁⧟āĻžāϞ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāχāϭ⧇āϟ āύ⧇āϟāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ• (VPN) āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĨ¤ āĻāĻ•āĻžāϧāĻŋāĻ• āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻāύāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋāĻĒā§āϟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻĒā§Ÿā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟ-āϟ⧁-āĻĒā§Ÿā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟ āϟāĻžāύ⧇āϞ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšā§ƒāϤ āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤VPN āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦāĻž āωāĻĒāϞāĻŦā§āϧ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āϜāύ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āϞ⧇, āĻāχ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāϟāĻŋ āϏāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āφāĻŦāĻļā§āϝāĻ•āĨ¤āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟSSL-āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ POP-3 āĻĒāϰāĻžāĻŽāĻŋāϤāĻŋ āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϝāĻžāĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ— āĻĢāĻžāχāϞ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āϏ āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϝāĻžāĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤ⧀ āϧāĻžāĻĒ⧇ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻ—ā§āϰāĻš āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻļāĻŋāϤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϰ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āĻĻāĻŋāύāĨ¤ āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧇ āωāχāϜāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄ āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĒā§āϞāĻŋāϕ⧇āĻļāύ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¤ā§āϝāĻžāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύ āĻ•āϰāĻŦ⧇ āĻ“ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύ⧇ āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻ…āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āϜāĻ¨ā§€ā§Ÿ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻļāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āύāĻžāĨ¤āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ āύāĻŋ⧟āĻŽ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧇ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻ—ā§āϰāĻš āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻŦ⧈āĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āϝ āĻĒāϰ⧀āĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤āĻ…āύ⧁āĻ—ā§āϰāĻš āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻŦ⧈āϧ āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡āϰ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻž āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āϏ⧀āĻŽāĻž āĻ“ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦāĻžāϰ āύāĻžāĻŽ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞ⧇āĻ– āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤āĻ…āύ⧁āĻ—ā§āϰāĻš āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻŦ⧈āϧ āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡āϰ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻž, āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦāĻžāϰ āύāĻžāĻŽ āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āϏ⧀āĻŽāĻž āωāĻ˛ā§āϞ⧇āĻ– āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤āĻ…āύ⧁āĻ—ā§āϰāĻš āϕ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ āĻļā§€āĻ°ā§āώāĻ• āĻŽā§‡āύ⧁ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻĄāĻŋāĻĢāĻ˛ā§āϟ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύ āϞ⧋āĻĄ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύ āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āωāχāϜāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤āĻ…āύ⧁āĻ—ā§āϰāĻš āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻĒāϰ⧀āĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧁āύ iptables āĻ“ ip6tables āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦāĻžāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āϏāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§Ÿā§‡āϛ⧇ āĻ•āĻŋ āύāĻžāĨ¤āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦ⧇ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻ—ā§āϰāĻš āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύ āĻĒāϰ⧀āĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤āĻ…āύ⧁āĻ—ā§āϰāĻš āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϤāĻžāϞāĻŋāĻ•āĻž āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻŸā§āϰāĻŋ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāϚāύ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύ āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āύ⧀āĻšā§‡ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āχāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰāĻĢ⧇āϏ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞ⧇āĻ– āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤āĻ…āύ⧁āĻ—ā§āϰāĻš āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϤāĻžāϞāĻŋāĻ•āĻž āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻŸā§āϰāĻŋ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāϚāύ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύ āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āύ⧀āĻšā§‡ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ āĻ“ āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻŸā§‹āĻ•āϞ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞ⧇āĻ– āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύ āĻ…āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ āϰāĻžāĻ–āϤ⧇ āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻĄāĻŋāĻĢāĻ˛ā§āϟ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύ āϞ⧋āĻĄ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āωāĻĻā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļā§āϝ⧇ āϝāĻĨāĻžāϝāϤ āĻŽāĻžāύ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāϚāύ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤āĻ…āύ⧁āĻ—ā§āϰāĻš āĻ•āϰ⧇, āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻŸā§‹āĻ•āϞ⧇ āϧāϰāύ, āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āĻŸā§‡āĻŦāĻŋāϞ āĻ“ āύāĻŋ⧟āĻŽ āϧāĻžāϰāĻŖāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻĢāĻžāχāϞāϟāĻŋ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāϚāύ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āϜāύ āĻ…āύ⧁āϏāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏ āĻ“ āĻ—āĻ¨ā§āϤāĻŦā§āϝ āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦāĻŋāϧ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāϚāύ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āϏāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āϧ⧇ āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻœā§āĻžāϤāĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰāĻž āωāĻ˛ā§āϞ⧇āĻ– āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟāĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ / āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡āϰ āϏ⧀āĻŽāĻž:āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ āĻĢāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻŋāĻ‚āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻŸā§‹āĻ•āϞāĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡āϰ āϏ⧀āĻŽāĻž '%s' āĻŦ⧈āϧ āύ⧟āĨ¤āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ/āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻŸā§‹āĻ•āϞāĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ:āĻĄāĻŋāĻĢāĻ˛ā§āϟ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āĻļāϏāĻš āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦāύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦāĻž:āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻž āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āφāωāϟāĻĒ⧁āĻŸā§‡āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ•āĻžāωāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰ/āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻļāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻž āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āφāωāϟāĻĒ⧁āĻŸā§‡āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ āĻŋāĻ•āĻžāύāĻž āĻ“ āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžāĻŽā§‚āϞāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāϏ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻļāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϏ⧂āϚāĻ• āĻĢāϞāĻžāĻĢāϞ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻĒā§āϝāĻžāϕ⧇āĻŸā§‡āϰ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻž, āĻŦāĻžāχāϟ, input- āĻ“ outputdevice āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āϤāĻĨā§āϝ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻļāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻŸā§‹āĻ•āϞ'%s' āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻŸā§‹āĻ•āϞ āĻŦ⧈āϧ āύ⧟āĨ¤āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻŸā§‹āĻ•āϞ⧇āϰ āϧāϰāύāĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻŸā§‹āĻ•āϞ⧇āϰ āϧāϰāύ:āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻŸā§‹āĻ•āϞ:āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύRADIUSRed Hat Cluster SuiteāϰāĻŋ-āĻĄāĻžāχāϰ⧇āĻ•ā§āϟāĻĒ⧁āύāϰāĻžā§Ÿ āϞ⧋āĻĄāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύ āĻĒ⧁āύāϰāĻžā§Ÿ āϞ⧋āĻĄ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĻ…āĻĒāϏāĻžāϰāĻŖāĻāύāĻŸā§āϰāĻŋ āĻ…āĻĒāϏāĻžāϰāĻŖāϰāĻžāωāϟāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϚāĻžāϰ (advertisement)āϰāĻžāωāϟāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ…āύ⧁āϰ⧋āϧ (solicitation)āχāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰāĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻ•āϟāĻŋāĻ­āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āϚāĻžāϞāĻžāύ⧋ āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āύāĻž; āĻļ⧁āϧ⧁āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰ āĻ•āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄ-āϞāĻžāχāύ āφāĻ°ā§āϗ⧁āĻŽā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇SELinux āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ (āĻ…āĻŦāϚāĻŋāϤ)SSHSambaSamba āĻ•ā§āϞāĻžā§Ÿā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟāĻ•āĻžāωāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰ āϏāĻ‚āϰāĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻĒ⧁āύāϰāĻžā§Ÿ āφāϰāĻŽā§āĻ­ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĻĒ⧁āύāϰāĻžāϰāĻŽā§āϭ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŽā§Ÿ āϏāĻ‚āϰāĻ•ā§āώāĻŖāĻŦāĻ¨ā§āϧ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϏāĻŽā§Ÿ āϏāĻ‚āϰāĻ•ā§āώāĻŖāĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āϧ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦ⧇, āϏāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻļ⧇āώ āφāϰāĻŽā§āϭ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰ⧇ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϏāĻŦ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύāϏāĻš āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§ƒāϤ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύ āϏāĻ‚āϰāĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤ āĻĒāϰāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤ⧀āĻŦāĻžāϰ āφāϰāĻŽā§āĻ­ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ, āϏāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻž āϏāĻ‚āϰāĻ•ā§āώāϪ⧇āϰ āωāĻĻā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļā§āϝ⧇ āĻāχ āĻ•āĻžāϜ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āϧ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦ⧇, āϏāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻļ⧇āώ āφāϰāĻŽā§āϭ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰ⧇ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϏāĻŦ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύāϏāĻš āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§ƒāϤ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύ āϏāĻ‚āϰāĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤ āĻĒāϰāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤ⧀āĻŦāĻžāϰ āφāϰāĻŽā§āĻ­ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ, āϏāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻž āϏāĻ‚āϰāĻ•ā§āώāϪ⧇āϰ āωāĻĻā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļā§āϝ⧇ āĻāχ āĻ•āĻžāϜ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤SSH -- Secure Shell (SSH) āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻŸā§‹āĻ•āϞ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āϝ⧇ āĻĻā§‚āϰāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤ⧀ āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžāϰ⧇ āϞāĻ—-āχāύ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻ•āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄ āϚāĻžāϞāĻžāύ⧋ āϝāĻžā§ŸāĨ¤ āĻāύāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋāĻĒāĻļāύ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āϝ⧇ āĻāϟāĻŋ āύāĻŋāϰāĻžāĻĒāĻĻ āϝ⧋āĻ—āĻžāϝ⧋āĻ— āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāύ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤ SSH āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻ—ā§āϰāĻžāĻŽ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻĻāĻŋā§Ÿā§‡ āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžāϰ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āχāĻšā§āϛ⧁āĻ• āĻšāϞ⧇ āĻāχ āĻ…āĻĒāĻļāύāϟāĻŋ āϏāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤ āĻāχ āĻ…āĻĒāĻļāύāϟāĻŋ āωāĻĒāϞāĻŦā§āϧ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžāϰ⧇ openssh-server āĻĒā§āϝāĻžāϕ⧇āϜāϟāĻŋ āχāύāĻ¸ā§āϟāϞ āĻ•āϰāĻž āφāĻŦāĻļā§āϝāĻ•āĨ¤āύāĻŋāϰāĻžāĻĒāĻĻ WWW (HTTPS)āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāϚāύ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϕ⧇ āĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ•āĻŋāĻŦāĻšāϞ āĻšāϞ⧇ āĻ“ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ āύāĻŋ⧟āĻŽ āϝ⧋āĻ— āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ "āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻœā§āĻž" āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāϚāύ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻĨāĻž "āύāĻŦā§€āύ" āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāϚāύ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻĢāĻžāχāϞ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāϚāύ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāϏāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāϰāĻĒāϰāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦāĻžāĻĒāϰāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦāĻž āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻŦ⧈āĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āϝāĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āĻĄāĻŋāĻĢāĻ˛ā§āϟ āϧāϰāύ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύ: %sāĨ¤ āĻāϰ āĻĢāϞ⧇ āωāĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύ āĻŽā§āϛ⧇ āϝāĻžāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤āĻāχ āϏāĻšāĻžā§ŸāϤāĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§āϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻļāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āϏāĻ‚āĻ¸ā§āĻ•āϰāĻŖ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻļāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏ (āϏāĻ•āϞ āφāĻŦāĻļā§āϝāĻ•)Source Quench (āϏ⧋āĻ°ā§āϏ āĻ•ā§‹ā§Ÿā§‡āĻžā§āϚ)āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϤāĻ°ā§āϭ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ āύāĻŋ⧟āĻŽā§‡āϰ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻĢāĻžāχāϞ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞ⧇āĻ– āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤ āĻĄāĻŋāĻĢāĻ˛ā§āϟ āύāĻŋ⧟āĻŽāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧇ āĻāχāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āϝ⧋āĻ— āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āĻĄāĻŋāĻĢāĻ˛ā§āϟ āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻŸā§‹āĻ•āϞ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāϏ: ipv4, default table: filterāĨ¤ (āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ: ipv4:filter:/etc/sysconfig/ipv4_filter_addon)āωāχāϜāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄ āφāϰāĻŽā§āĻ­ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύ āωāχāϜāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄ āφāϰāĻŽā§āĻ­ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϏ⧂āϚāĻ• āĻĒāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāϰ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžicmp-āϰ āϏāĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ āϧāϰāύ:āύ⧇āϟāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻšā§€āύ āϏāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻŽ āύ⧇āϟāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āϏāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻŽTFTPTFTP āĻ•ā§āϞāĻžā§Ÿā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟTODOāĻŸā§‡āĻŦāĻŋāϞAmanda āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ•-āφāĻĒ āĻ•ā§āϞāĻžā§Ÿā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āϝ⧇ Amanda āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ•-āφāĻĒ āĻ“ āφāĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻžāχāĻ­āĻŋāĻ‚ āϏāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϏāĻ‚āϝ⧋āĻ— āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāύ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϏ⧁āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻž āωāĻĒāϞāĻŦā§āϧ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤ āĻāχ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāϟāĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ•āϰ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ amanda-client āĻĒā§āϝāĻžāϕ⧇āϜāϟāĻŋ āχāύāĻ¸ā§āϟāϞ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻž āφāĻŦāĻļā§āϝāĻ•āĨ¤āĻĄā§‹āĻŽā§‡āχāύ āύ⧇āĻŽ āϏāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻŽ (DNS) āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻšā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻ“ āĻĄā§‹āĻŽā§‡āχāύ āύ⧇āĻŽ āĻ…āύ⧁āϰ⧋āϧ āĻ“ āωāĻĒāϞāĻŦā§āϧ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤ āĻĄā§‹āĻŽā§‡āχāύ āύ⧇āĻŽ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦāĻž (āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ, bind-āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇) āωāĻĒāϞāĻŦā§āϧ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āχāĻšā§āϛ⧁āĻ• āĻšāϞ⧇ āĻāχ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ āϏāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤SSL-āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āχāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰāύ⧇āϟ āĻŽā§‡āϏ⧇āϜ āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāϏāϕ⧇āϏ āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻŸā§‹āĻ•āϞ (IMAPs) āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨ā§€ā§Ÿ āĻ•ā§āϞāĻžā§Ÿā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻĻā§‚āϰāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤ⧀ āϏāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāϰ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āύāĻŋāϰāĻžāĻĒāĻĻāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āχ-āĻŽā§‡āχāϞ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĒā§āϤ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϏāĻŽā§āĻ­āĻŦāĨ¤ SSL-āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ IMAP āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦāĻž (āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ, dovecot-āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇) āωāĻĒāϞāĻŦā§āϧ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āχāĻšā§āϛ⧁āĻ• āĻšāϞ⧇, āĻāχ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāϟāĻŋ āϏāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤āĻĄāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§āϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻŋāωāĻŸā§‡āĻĄ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžā§Ÿ āχāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰāύ⧇āϟ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻŸā§‹āĻ•āϞ (IPP) āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤ (tcp-āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡) IPP-āϰ āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āϝ⧇ āύ⧇āϟāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āϕ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āϝ⧌āĻĨ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϏāĻŽā§āĻ­āĻŦ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ cups-āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āύ⧇āϟāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ• āĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāύāĻž āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āϞ⧇ āĻāχ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāϟāĻŋ āϏāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤āĻĄāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§āϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻŋāωāĻŸā§‡āĻĄ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžā§Ÿ āχāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰāύ⧇āϟ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻŸā§‹āĻ•āϞ (IPP) āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤ (udp āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡) IPP-āϰ āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āϝ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰ āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āϤāĻĨā§āϝ (āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖāĻ¸ā§āĻŦāϰ⧂āĻĒ, āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻ•ā§āώāĻŽāϤāĻž āĻ“ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻž) āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĒā§āϤ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻ“ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦāĻŋāϧ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽ āύāĻŋ⧟āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϏāĻŽā§āĻ­āĻŦāĨ¤ cups-āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āĻĻā§‚āϰāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤ⧀ āύ⧇āϟāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ• āĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāύāĻž āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āϞ⧇ āĻāχ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāϟāĻŋ āύāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ•āϰāĻŦ⧇āύ āύāĻžāĨ¤āĻāϰ āĻĢāϞ⧇ TCP'āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ NFS4 āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻŸā§‹āĻ•āϞ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻĢāĻžāχāϞ āϝ⧌āĻĨāϰ⧂āĻĒ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āĻāχ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ•āϰ⧀ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ NFS tools āχāύāĻ¸ā§āϟāϞ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻž āφāĻŦāĻļā§āϝāĻ• āĻ“ NFS āϏāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāϰ āϏāĻ āĻŋāϰ⧂āĻĒ⧇ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤āĻĒā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻ…āĻĢāĻŋāϏ āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻŸā§‹āĻ•āϞ āϏāĻ‚āĻ¸ā§āĻ•āϰāĻŖ ā§Š (POP3) āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻŸā§‹āĻ•āϞ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āϝ⧇ TCP/IP āϏāĻ‚āϝ⧋āϗ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻĻā§‚āϰāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤ⧀ āϏāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāϰ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āχ-āĻŽā§‡āχāϞ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĒā§āϤ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϏāĻŽā§āĻ­āĻŦāĨ¤ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ POP3 āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦāĻž (āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ, dovecot-āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇) āωāĻĒāϞāĻŦā§āϧ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āχāĻšā§āϛ⧁āĻ• āĻšāϞ⧇ āĻāχ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāϟāĻŋ āϏāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤āύ⧇āϟāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āϕ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŽā§‹āĻĻāύ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϰāĻŋāĻŽā§‹āϟ āĻ…āĻĨ⧇āύāϟāĻŋāϕ⧇āĻļāύ āĻĄāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϞ āχāύ āχāωāϜāĻžāϰ āϏāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻŋāϏ (RADIUS) āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻŸā§‹āĻ•āϞ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšā§ƒāϤ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āĻŽāĻĄā§‡āĻŽ, DSL āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻŦ⧇āϤāĻžāϰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āϏāĻ‚āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŽā§‹āĻĻāύ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤ RADIUS āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦāĻž (āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖāĻ¸ā§āĻŦāϰ⧂āĻĒ, freeradius-āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇) āωāĻĒāϞāĻŦā§āϧ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻāχ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāϟāĻŋ āϏāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤āĻŸā§āϰāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋ⧟āĻžāϞ āĻĢāĻžāχāϞ āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϏāĻĢāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻŸā§‹āĻ•āϞ⧇āϰ (TFTP) āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āϝ⧇ āĻĻā§‚āϰāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤ⧀ āĻŽā§‡āĻļāĻŋāύ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϏāĻšāĻœā§‡ āĻĢāĻžāχāϞ āĻŦāĻŋāύāĻŋāĻŽā§Ÿ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖāϤ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻ•āĻŦāĻŋāĻšā§€āύ āĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ•-āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻļāύ āĻŦ⧁āϟ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ“ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŋ-āĻŦ⧁āϟ āĻāĻ•ā§āϏ⧇āĻ•āĻŋāωāĻļāύ āĻāύāĻ­āĻžā§ŸāϰāĻŽā§‡āĻ¨ā§āĻŸā§‡ (PXE) āϤāĻĨā§āϝ āφāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤'%s' āĻĢāĻžāχāϞ āωāĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ āύ⧟āĨ¤āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύ āϏ⧁āϏāĻ‚āĻ—āϤ āύ⧟āĨ¤āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āύāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟āĨ¤āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āϏāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟āĨ¤'%s' āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āĻŸā§‡āĻŦāĻŋāϞ āĻŦ⧈āϧ āύ⧟āĨ¤āύāĻŋāĻŽā§āύāϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āĻĢāĻžāχāϞāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āύ⧟: %s āĻāχ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϝāĻž āϏāĻ‚āĻļā§‹āϧāύ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āϏāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻŽā§‡āϰ āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύ āĻāĻ–āύ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤'%s' āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻŸā§‹āĻ•āϞ āĻŦ⧈āϧ āύ⧟āĨ¤āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āĻ— āύāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύ āωāĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‡āϛ⧇, āφāĻĒāύāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋ āύāĻŋāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāϤāϰ⧂āĻĒ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āχāĻšā§āϛ⧁āĻ•?āĻāχ āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧁āϟāĻŋāϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§āϤāĻž āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻšā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟ āϏāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻŽāϕ⧇ āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āĻĒ⧃āĻĨāĻ• āĻĒāĻĨ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āĻĒā§āϝāĻžāϕ⧇āϟ āĻĒāĻžāĻ āĻžāύ⧋āϰ āϏ⧂āϚāύāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤āωāĻĻā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āĻšā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟ āϏāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻŽ āĻĒāĻžāĻ“ā§ŸāĻž āύāĻž āϗ⧇āϞ⧇, āĻšā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āϗ⧇āϟāĻ“ā§Ÿā§‡ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻāχ āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧁āϟāĻŋāϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§āϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻļāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤āĻ…āύ⧁āĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āϭ⧁āϞ āĻĻ⧈āĻ°ā§āĻ˜ā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻĢāϞ⧇ IP āĻšā§‡āĻĄāĻžāϰ āĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻŋāĻ—ā§āϰāĻ¸ā§āϤ āĻšāϞ⧇ āĻāχ āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧁āϟāĻŋāϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§āϤāĻž āĻ‰ā§ŽāĻĒāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤āĻĒā§āϝāĻžāϕ⧇āϟ āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻ–āĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻŋāϤ āĻĒā§āϝāĻžāϕ⧇āĻŸā§‡āϰ āϏāĻŽā§ŸāĻ•āĻžāϞ āĻ…āϤāĻŋāĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻšāϞ⧇ āĻāχ āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧁āϟāĻŋāϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§āϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻļāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āĻšā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟ āϏāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻŽāϕ⧇ āĻĒā§āϝāĻžāϕ⧇āϟ āĻĒā§āϰ⧇āϰāϪ⧇āϰ āĻ—āϤāĻŋ āĻšā§āϰāĻžāϏ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āĻ…āύ⧁āϰ⧋āϧ āϜāĻžāύāĻžāύ⧋āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻāχ āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧁āϟāĻŋāϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§āϤāĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤Echo Request-āϰ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ⧇ āĻāχ āĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§āϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻļāĻŋāϤ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ˛ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ¸ā§āϟ āϞāĻŋāĻ™ā§āϕ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻšā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āϰāĻžāωāϟāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϚāĻžāϰ (advertisement) āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻāχ āĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§āϤāĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ˛ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ¸ā§āϟ āχāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰāĻĢ⧇āϏ⧇āϰ IP āĻ āĻŋāĻ•āĻžāύāĻžāϰ āĻ˜ā§‹āώāύāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϰāĻžāωāϟāĻžāϰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āύāĻŋ⧟āĻŽāĻŋāϤāϰ⧂āĻĒ⧇ āĻāχ āĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§āϤāĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤ping-āϰ āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āϝ⧇ āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āĻšā§‹āĻ¸ā§āϟ āϏāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻŽā§‡āϰ āωāĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤāĻŋ āĻĒāϰ⧀āĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻāχ āĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§āϤāĻž āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤āĻāχ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϰ āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āϝ⧇ Bacula āϏāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāϰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨ā§€ā§Ÿ āĻŽā§‡āĻļāĻŋāύ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϏāĻ‚āϝ⧋āĻ— āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāύ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ•-āφāĻĒ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŽā§Ÿ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āĻāχ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāϟāĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ•āϰ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ bacula-client āĻĒā§āϝāĻžāϕ⧇āϜāϟāĻŋ āχāύāĻ¸ā§āϟāϞ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻž āφāĻŦāĻļā§āϝāĻ•āĨ¤āĻāϰ āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āϝ⧇ āφāĻ—āϤ SMTP āĻŽā§‡āχāϞ āϏāϰāĻŦāϰāĻžāĻš āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤ āĻĻā§‚āϰāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤ⧀ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžāϰāϕ⧇ āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϏāϰāĻžāϏāϰāĻŋ āϏāĻ‚āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĻŽā§‡āχāϞ āφāĻĻāĻžāύ-āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāύ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻāχ āĻ…āĻĒāĻļāύāϟāĻŋ āϏāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āφāĻĒāύāĻŋ ISP'āϰ āϏāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāϰ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ POP3 āĻŦāĻž IMAP āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻŽā§‡āχāϞ āϏāĻ‚āĻ—ā§āϰāĻš āĻ•āϰ⧇āύ āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻāχ āĻ•āĻžāĻœā§‡ fetchmail āĻĒā§āϰāϭ⧃āϤāĻŋ āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻ—ā§āϰāĻžāĻŽ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰ⧇āύ, āϤāĻžāĻšāϞ⧇ āĻāχ āĻ…āĻĒāĻļāύāϟāĻŋ āϏāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āύāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻžāχ āĻŦāĻžāĻžā§āĻ›āĻ¨ā§€ā§ŸāĨ¤ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞ⧇āĻ–ā§āϝ, āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ SMTP āϏāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāϰāϟāĻŋ āϏāĻ āĻŋāĻ•āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ āύāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϞ⧇ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžāϰ āĻāϕ⧇ āĻ…āύāĻžāĻ•āĻžāĻ™ā§āĻ•ā§āώāĻŋāϤ āĻŽā§‡āχāϞ (Spam) āĻĒā§āϰ⧇āϰāϪ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇āĨ¤āĻāχ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āϝ⧇ āφāĻĒāύāĻŋ āĻŸā§āϰāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋ⧟āĻžāϞ āĻĢāĻžāχāϞ āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϏāĻĢāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻŸā§‹āĻ•āϞ (TFTP) āϏāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāϰ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āϏāĻ•ā§āώāĻŽ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āύāĨ¤ āĻāχ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāϟāĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ•āϰ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ tftp āĻĒā§āϝāĻžāϕ⧇āϜāϟāĻŋ āχāύāĻ¸ā§āϟāϞ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻž āφāĻŦāĻļā§āϝāĻ•āĨ¤āĻāχ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϰ āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āϝ⧇ āφāĻĒāύāĻŋ āϝ⧌āĻĨāϰ⧂āĻĒ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšā§ƒāϤ Windows āĻĢāĻžāχāϞ āĻ“ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰ āύ⧇āϟāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ• āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŦ⧇āύāĨ¤ āĻāχ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāϟāĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ•āϰ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ samba-client āĻĒā§āϝāĻžāϕ⧇āϜāϟāĻŋ āχāύāĻ¸ā§āϟāϞ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻž āφāĻŦāĻļā§āϝāĻ•āĨ¤āĻāχ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϰ āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āϝ⧇ āφāĻĒāύāĻŋ āϝ⧌āĻĨāϰ⧂āĻĒ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšā§ƒāϤ Windows āĻĢāĻžāχāϞ āĻ“ āĻĒā§āϰāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰ āύ⧇āϟāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ• āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŦ⧇āύāĨ¤ āĻāχ āĻ…āĻĒāĻļāύāϟāĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ•āϰ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ Samba āĻĒā§āϝāĻžāϕ⧇āϜāϟāĻŋ āχāύāĻ¸ā§āϟāϞ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻž āφāĻŦāĻļā§āϝāĻ•āĨ¤āĻāχ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āϝ⧇ Red Hat Cluster Suite āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϏāĻŽā§āĻ­āĻŦ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ openais, ricci, āĻ“ dlm-āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ āωāĻ¨ā§āĻŽā§āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤ āĻāχ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāϟāĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ•āϰ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ Red Hat Cluster Suite āωāĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻž āφāĻŦāĻļā§āϝāĻ•āĨ¤āĻāχ āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻ—ā§āϰāĻžāĻŽāϟāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻŽā§āĻ•ā§āϤ āϏāĻĢā§āϟāĻ“ā§Ÿā§āϝāĻžāϰ; Free Software Foundation āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•āĻžāĻļāĻŋāϤ GNU General Public License-āϰ āĻļāĻ°ā§āϤāĻžāύ⧁āϝāĻžā§Ÿā§€ āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāϤāϰāĻŖ āĻ“ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāĻŦ⧇; āϞāĻžāχāϏ⧇āĻ¨ā§āϏ⧇āϰ āϏāĻ‚āĻ¸ā§āĻ•āϰāĻŖ ⧍ āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž (āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āϏ⧁āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻžāύ⧁āϝāĻžā§Ÿā§€) āϊāĻ°ā§āĻ§ā§āĻŦāϤāύ āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āϏāĻ‚āĻ¸ā§āĻ•āϰāϪ⧇āϰ āĻ…āϧ⧀āύāĨ¤ āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāϤāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āĻŽā§‚āϞ āωāĻĻā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļā§āϝ āϝ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀āϰāĻž āĻāϰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āωāĻĒāĻ•ā§ƒāϤ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āύ, āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āĻāϟāĻŋāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āϏ⧁āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻˇā§āϟ āĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϰ⧇āĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋ āωāĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ āύ⧇āχ; āĻŦāĻžāĻŖāĻŋāĻœā§āϝāĻŋāĻ• āĻ“ āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āϏ⧁āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽ āϏāĻžāϧāύ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϤāĻ°ā§āύāĻŋāĻšā§€āϤ āĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϰ⧇āĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ“ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤāĨ¤ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ• āϜāĻžāύāϤ⧇ GNU General Public License āĻĒ⧜⧁āύāĨ¤ āĻāχ āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻ—ā§āϰāĻžāĻŽā§‡āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ GNU General Public License-āϰ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāϞāĻŋāĻĒāĻŋ āωāĻĒāϞāĻŦā§āϧ āĻšāĻ“ā§ŸāĻž āωāϚāĻŋāϤāĨ¤ āύāĻž āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āϞ⧇ āĻĻ⧇āϖ⧁āύāĨ¤āĻāχ āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻ—ā§āϰāĻžāĻŽā§‡āϰ āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āϝ⧇ āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āϏāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻŽā§‡āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁āϤ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤āĻāχ āωāχāϜāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄā§‡āϰ āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āϝ⧇ āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āϏāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻŽā§‡āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āϜāύ āĻ…āύ⧁āϏāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻļā§āϰ⧁āϤ āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤āϏāĻŽā§Ÿ āĻ…āϤāĻŋāĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻšā§Ÿā§‡āϛ⧇āωāĻĻā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āĻ āĻŋāĻ•āĻžāύāĻžāωāĻĻā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžā§Ÿā§€ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āĻĒ⧁āύāϰāĻžāϰāĻŽā§āĻ­ āĻ“ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āϧ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŽā§Ÿ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āύ⧇āϞ āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āĻŽāĻĄāĻŋāωāϞāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āφāύ-āϞ⧋āĻĄ āĻšāĻ“ā§ŸāĻž āφāĻŦāĻļā§āϝāĻ•āĨ¤āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āϤ āχāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰāĻĢ⧇āϏāĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āϤ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦāĻžāĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§ƒāϤāĻŋāĻĒ⧁āύāϰāĻžāϰāĻŽā§āĻ­ āĻ“ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āϧ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϏāĻŽā§Ÿ āĻŽāĻĄāĻŋāωāϞ āφāύāϞ⧋āĻĄ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āϏāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻšāϞ⧇ āύāύ-āχāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰ⧇āĻ•ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ­ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžā§Ÿ āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āφāĻĒāĻĄā§‡āϟ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āĻāϰ āĻĢāϞ⧇ āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āĻĒ⧁āύāϰāĻžā§Ÿ āφāϰāĻŽā§āĻ­ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ -n āĻ“ -f āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āωāĻĒ⧇āĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ⧇ āĻ…āϤāĻŋāϰāĻŋāĻ•ā§āϤ āύāĻŋ⧟āĻŽāϝ⧋āĻ— āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ āύāĻŋ⧟āĻŽā§‡āϰ āĻĢāĻžāχāϞ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤ āĻĄāĻŋāĻĢāĻ˛ā§āϟ āύāĻŋ⧟āĻŽāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧇ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ āύāĻŋ⧟āĻŽāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āϝ⧋āĻ— āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āĻĢāĻžāχāϞ⧇āϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ iptables-save āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāϏ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āφāĻŦāĻļā§āϝāĻ•āĨ¤āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤāĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀āϰ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻœā§āĻžāϤāĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰāĻžāĻāχ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻĢāϞ⧇ āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻ…āϤāĻŋāϰāĻŋāĻ•ā§āϤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āύāĻž āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āύāĻžāĨ¤ āĻāϰ āĻĢāϞ⧇ āĻļ⧁āϧ⧁āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰ SELinux āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤āĻŦ⧈āϧ āĻŽāĻžāύ: %sāĻŦ⧈āϧ āĻŽāĻžāύ: [-], āĻāχ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻž [0 āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ 65535-āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇] āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦāĻžāϰ āύāĻžāĻŽ āϞ⧇āĻ–āĻž āφāĻŦāĻļā§āϝāĻ•āĨ¤āĻŦ⧈āϧ āĻŽāĻžāύ: tcp, udpāĻ­āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‹āϏ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ­āĻžāĻ°ā§āϚ⧁⧟āĻžāϞ āĻŽā§‡āĻļāĻŋāύ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϚāĻžāϞāύāĻžāĻ­āĻžāĻ°ā§āϚ⧁⧟āĻžāϞ āĻŽā§‡āĻļāĻŋāύ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϚāĻžāϞāύāĻž (TLS)WWW (HTTP)āϏāϤāĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§āϤāĻžāφāĻĒāύāĻŋ āϕ⧀ āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻŽ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰ⧇āύ?āωāχāϜāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻšā§āϝāĻžāρāĻĒāϰāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤ⧀ āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āϏāĻŽā§Ÿā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦāĻŋāϧ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ āĻļā§€āĻ°ā§āώāĻ• āĻŽā§‡āύ⧁āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻŦ⧈āĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āϝ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύāϟāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻĒ⧁āϰ⧋āύ⧋ āϏāĻ‚āĻ¸ā§āĻ•āϰāĻŖ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āϰ⧂āĻĒāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§Ÿā§‡āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻ—ā§āϰāĻš āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύāϟāĻŋ āĻĒāϰ⧀āĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤[:][
:]āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϚāĻŋāϤāĻŋ (_A)āĻĢāĻžāχāϞ (_F)āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āϝ (_H)āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦāĻŋāϧ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ (_O)āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ (_Q)āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύ āωāχāϜāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄ āφāϰāĻŽā§āĻ­ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύ (_S)āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύif=:port=:proto=[:toport=][:toaddr=]āĻ…āĻŦ⧈āϧ āχāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰāĻĢ⧇āϏ '%s'āĨ¤āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡āϰ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž %s āĻŦ⧈āϧ āύ⧟āĨ¤āĻ…āĻŦ⧈āϧ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦāĻž '%s'āĨ¤ipv6-āϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ nat āϏāĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻĨāύ āωāĻĒāϞāĻŦā§āϧ āύ⧟āĨ¤āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨ā§€ā§ŸmDNS-āϰ āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āϝ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŽā§āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻ• DNS āϏāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāύāĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻ˛ā§āĻĒ āĻŽāĻžāĻĒ⧇āϰ āύ⧇āϟāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ• āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āĻļ⧇ DNS āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻ—ā§āϰāĻžāĻŽāĻŋāĻ‚ āχāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰāĻĢ⧇āϏ, āĻĒā§āϝāĻžāϕ⧇āĻŸā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāϏ āĻ“ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāϏāĻžā§āϚāĻžāϞāύ⧇āϰ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ Avahi āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āχāĻšā§āϛ⧁āĻ• āĻšāϞ⧇ āĻāχ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāϟāĻŋ āύāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋ⧟ āĻ•āϰāĻŦ⧇āύ āύāĻžāĨ¤āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ āϞ⧇āĻŦ⧇āϞāĻāχ āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ: %sāĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ %(option)s: āĻ…āĻŦ⧈āϧ forward_port '%(value)s'āĨ¤āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ %(option)s: āĻ…āĻŦ⧈āϧ forward_port '%(value)s': %(error)sāĨ¤āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ %(option)s: āĻ…āĻŦ⧈āϧ icmp āϧāϰāύ '%(value)s'āĨ¤āĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡āϰ āϏ⧀āĻŽāĻž %s āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāϤāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āϰ āύ⧟āĨ¤system-config-firewallāϰ⧁āĻŖāĻž āĻ­āĻŸā§āϟāĻžāϚāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¯ā§āϝ (runab@redhat.com)āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āĻ•āύāĻĢāĻŋāĻ—āĻžāϰ⧇āĻļāύāĻĒā§āϰāĻ¤ā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āωāĻĻā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļā§āϝ⧇ ICMP-āϰ āϧāϰāύāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āϤāĻžāϞāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āϚāĻŋāĻšā§āύāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϏāĻ•āϞ āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ ICMP-āϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϕ⧇ āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āĻĒāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŽāϤāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āĻĄāĻŋāĻĢāĻ˛ā§āϟ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžā§Ÿ āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āύāĻŋāώ⧇āϧāĻžāĻœā§āĻžāĻž āύ⧇āχāĨ¤āύ⧇āϟāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ°ā§āϕ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāϧāĻžāύāϤ āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧁āϟāĻŋāϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§āϤāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāύāĻŋāĻŽā§Ÿ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āχāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰāύ⧇āϟ āĻ•āύāĻŸā§āϰ⧋āϞ āĻŽā§‡āϏ⧇āϜ āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻŸā§‹āĻ•āϞ (ICMP) āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšā§ƒāϤ āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤ āωāĻĒāϰāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁, ping-āϰ āĻ…āύ⧁āϰ⧋āϧ āĻ“ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĒā§āϤāĻŋ āχāĻ¤ā§āϝāĻžāĻĻāĻŋ āĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§āϤāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤āĻĢāĻžā§ŸāĻžāϰāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ…āϤāĻŋāϰāĻŋāĻ•ā§āϤ āύāĻŋ⧟āĻŽ āϏāĻ‚āϝ⧋āϜāύ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ āύāĻŋ⧟āĻŽā§‡āϰ āĻĢāĻžāχāϞ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤ āĻĄāĻŋāĻĢāĻ˛ā§āϟ āύāĻŋ⧟āĻŽā§‡āϰ āĻĒāϰ⧇ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āϧāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤ āύāĻŋ⧟āĻŽāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āϝ⧋āĻ— āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤ āĻĢāĻžāχāϞāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ iptables-save āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāϏ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āϰāĻž āφāĻŦāĻļā§āϝāĻ•āĨ¤