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Connection options:
For more information, type "\?" (for internal commands) or "\help" (for SQL
commands) from within psql, or consult the psql section in the PostgreSQL
documentation.
Input and output options:
Output format options:
Parser: "%s"
Parser: "%s.%s" (options: S = show system objects, + = additional detail)
--help show this help, then exit
--version output version information, then exit
-1 ("one"), --single-transaction
execute command file as a single transaction
-A, --no-align unaligned table output mode
-E, --echo-hidden display queries that internal commands generate
-F, --field-separator=STRING
set field separator (default: "%s")
-H, --html HTML table output mode
-L, --log-file=FILENAME send session log to file
-P, --pset=VAR[=ARG] set printing option VAR to ARG (see \pset command)
-R, --record-separator=STRING
set record separator (default: newline)
-S, --single-line single-line mode (end of line terminates SQL command)
-T, --table-attr=TEXT set HTML table tag attributes (e.g., width, border)
-U, --username=USERNAME database user name (default: "%s")
-W, --password force password prompt (should happen automatically)
-X, --no-psqlrc do not read startup file (~/.psqlrc)
-a, --echo-all echo all input from script
-c, --command=COMMAND run only single command (SQL or internal) and exit
-d, --dbname=DBNAME database name to connect to (default: "%s")
-e, --echo-queries echo commands sent to server
-f, --file=FILENAME execute commands from file, then exit
-h, --host=HOSTNAME database server host or socket directory (default: "%s")
-l, --list list available databases, then exit
-n, --no-readline disable enhanced command line editing (readline)
-o, --output=FILENAME send query results to file (or |pipe)
-p, --port=PORT database server port (default: "%s")
-q, --quiet run quietly (no messages, only query output)
-s, --single-step single-step mode (confirm each query)
-t, --tuples-only print rows only
-v, --set=, --variable=NAME=VALUE
set psql variable NAME to VALUE
-w, --no-password never prompt for password
-x, --expanded turn on expanded table output
\! [COMMAND] execute command in shell or start interactive shell
\C [STRING] set table title, or unset if none
\H toggle HTML output mode (currently %s)
\T [STRING] set HTML tag attributes, or unset if none
\a toggle between unaligned and aligned output mode
\c[onnect] [DBNAME|- USER|- HOST|- PORT|-]
connect to new database (currently "%s")
\cd [DIR] change the current working directory
\copy ... perform SQL COPY with data stream to the client host
\copyright show PostgreSQL usage and distribution terms
\dC [PATTERN] list casts
\dD[S] [PATTERN] list domains
\dF[+] [PATTERN] list text search configurations
\dFd[+] [PATTERN] list text search dictionaries
\dFp[+] [PATTERN] list text search parsers
\dFt[+] [PATTERN] list text search templates
\dT[S+] [PATTERN] list data types
\d[S+] list tables, views, and sequences
\d[S+] NAME describe table, view, sequence, or index
\da[+] [PATTERN] list aggregates
\db[+] [PATTERN] list tablespaces
\dc[S] [PATTERN] list conversions
\dd[S] [PATTERN] show comments on objects
\des[+] [PATTERN] list foreign servers
\deu[+] [PATTERN] list user mappings
\dew[+] [PATTERN] list foreign-data wrappers
\df[antw][S+] [PATRN] list [only agg/normal/trigger/window] functions
\dg[+] [PATTERN] list roles (groups)
\di[S+] [PATTERN] list indexes
\dl list large objects, same as \lo_list
\dn[+] [PATTERN] list schemas
\do[S] [PATTERN] list operators
\dp [PATTERN] list table, view, and sequence access privileges
\ds[S+] [PATTERN] list sequences
\dt[S+] [PATTERN] list tables
\du[+] [PATTERN] list roles (users)
\dv[S+] [PATTERN] list views
\e [FILE] edit the query buffer (or file) with external editor
\echo [STRING] write string to standard output
\ef [FUNCNAME] edit function definition with external editor
\encoding [ENCODING] show or set client encoding
\f [STRING] show or set field separator for unaligned query output
\g [FILE] or ; execute query (and send results to file or |pipe)
\h [NAME] help on syntax of SQL commands, * for all commands
\i FILE execute commands from file
\l[+] list all databases
\lo_export LOBOID FILE
\lo_import FILE [COMMENT]
\lo_list
\lo_unlink LOBOID large object operations
\o [FILE] send all query results to file or |pipe
\p show the contents of the query buffer
\password [USERNAME] securely change the password for a user
\prompt [TEXT] NAME prompt user to set internal variable
\pset NAME [VALUE] set table output option
(NAME := {format|border|expanded|fieldsep|footer|null|
numericlocale|recordsep|tuples_only|title|tableattr|pager})
\q quit psql
\qecho [STRING] write string to query output stream (see \o)
\r reset (clear) the query buffer
\s [FILE] display history or save it to file
\set [NAME [VALUE]] set internal variable, or list all if no parameters
\t [on|off] show only rows (currently %s)
\timing [on|off] toggle timing of commands (currently %s)
\unset NAME unset (delete) internal variable
\w FILE write query buffer to file
\x [on|off] toggle expanded output (currently %s)
\z [PATTERN] same as \dp
psql [OPTION]... [DBNAME [USERNAME]]
as user "%s" at port "%s" on host "%s" %d connection %d connections %s %s (%s, server %s)
%s: %s
%s: cannot copy from/to a directory
%s: could not delete variable "%s"
%s: could not open log file "%s": %s
%s: could not set printing parameter "%s"
%s: could not set variable "%s"
%s: current transaction is aborted
%s: invalid encoding name or conversion procedure not found
%s: not connected to a database
%s: pg_strdup: cannot duplicate null pointer (internal error)
%s: unknown transaction status
%s: warning: extra command-line argument "%s" ignored
(%lu row) (%lu rows) (No rows)
***(Single step mode: verify command)*******************************************
%s
***(press return to proceed or enter x and return to cancel)********************
********* QUERY **********
%s
**************************
, clustered , invalid , predicate (%s) , tablespace "%s" ABORT [ WORK | TRANSACTION ] ALTER AGGREGATE name ( type [ , ... ] ) RENAME TO new_name
ALTER AGGREGATE name ( type [ , ... ] ) OWNER TO new_owner
ALTER AGGREGATE name ( type [ , ... ] ) SET SCHEMA new_schema ALTER CONVERSION name RENAME TO newname
ALTER CONVERSION name OWNER TO newowner ALTER DATABASE name [ [ WITH ] option [ ... ] ]
where option can be:
CONNECTION LIMIT connlimit
ALTER DATABASE name RENAME TO newname
ALTER DATABASE name OWNER TO new_owner
ALTER DATABASE name SET TABLESPACE new_tablespace
ALTER DATABASE name SET configuration_parameter { TO | = } { value | DEFAULT }
ALTER DATABASE name SET configuration_parameter FROM CURRENT
ALTER DATABASE name RESET configuration_parameter
ALTER DATABASE name RESET ALL ALTER DOMAIN name
{ SET DEFAULT expression | DROP DEFAULT }
ALTER DOMAIN name
{ SET | DROP } NOT NULL
ALTER DOMAIN name
ADD domain_constraint
ALTER DOMAIN name
DROP CONSTRAINT constraint_name [ RESTRICT | CASCADE ]
ALTER DOMAIN name
OWNER TO new_owner
ALTER DOMAIN name
SET SCHEMA new_schema ALTER FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER name
[ VALIDATOR valfunction | NO VALIDATOR ]
[ OPTIONS ( [ ADD | SET | DROP ] option ['value'] [, ... ]) ]
ALTER FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER name OWNER TO new_owner ALTER FUNCTION name ( [ [ argmode ] [ argname ] argtype [, ...] ] )
action [ ... ] [ RESTRICT ]
ALTER FUNCTION name ( [ [ argmode ] [ argname ] argtype [, ...] ] )
RENAME TO new_name
ALTER FUNCTION name ( [ [ argmode ] [ argname ] argtype [, ...] ] )
OWNER TO new_owner
ALTER FUNCTION name ( [ [ argmode ] [ argname ] argtype [, ...] ] )
SET SCHEMA new_schema
where action is one of:
CALLED ON NULL INPUT | RETURNS NULL ON NULL INPUT | STRICT
IMMUTABLE | STABLE | VOLATILE
[ EXTERNAL ] SECURITY INVOKER | [ EXTERNAL ] SECURITY DEFINER
COST execution_cost
ROWS result_rows
SET configuration_parameter { TO | = } { value | DEFAULT }
SET configuration_parameter FROM CURRENT
RESET configuration_parameter
RESET ALL ALTER GROUP groupname ADD USER username [, ... ]
ALTER GROUP groupname DROP USER username [, ... ]
ALTER GROUP groupname RENAME TO newname ALTER INDEX name RENAME TO new_name
ALTER INDEX name SET TABLESPACE tablespace_name
ALTER INDEX name SET ( storage_parameter = value [, ... ] )
ALTER INDEX name RESET ( storage_parameter [, ... ] ) ALTER OPERATOR CLASS name USING index_method RENAME TO newname
ALTER OPERATOR CLASS name USING index_method OWNER TO newowner ALTER OPERATOR FAMILY name USING index_method ADD
{ OPERATOR strategy_number operator_name ( op_type, op_type )
| FUNCTION support_number [ ( op_type [ , op_type ] ) ] funcname ( argument_type [, ...] )
} [, ... ]
ALTER OPERATOR FAMILY name USING index_method DROP
{ OPERATOR strategy_number ( op_type [ , op_type ] )
| FUNCTION support_number ( op_type [ , op_type ] )
} [, ... ]
ALTER OPERATOR FAMILY name USING index_method RENAME TO newname
ALTER OPERATOR FAMILY name USING index_method OWNER TO newowner ALTER OPERATOR name ( { lefttype | NONE } , { righttype | NONE } ) OWNER TO newowner ALTER ROLE name [ [ WITH ] option [ ... ] ]
where option can be:
SUPERUSER | NOSUPERUSER
| CREATEDB | NOCREATEDB
| CREATEROLE | NOCREATEROLE
| CREATEUSER | NOCREATEUSER
| INHERIT | NOINHERIT
| LOGIN | NOLOGIN
| CONNECTION LIMIT connlimit
| [ ENCRYPTED | UNENCRYPTED ] PASSWORD 'password'
| VALID UNTIL 'timestamp'
ALTER ROLE name RENAME TO newname
ALTER ROLE name SET configuration_parameter { TO | = } { value | DEFAULT }
ALTER ROLE name SET configuration_parameter FROM CURRENT
ALTER ROLE name RESET configuration_parameter
ALTER ROLE name RESET ALL ALTER SCHEMA name RENAME TO newname
ALTER SCHEMA name OWNER TO newowner ALTER SEQUENCE name [ INCREMENT [ BY ] increment ]
[ MINVALUE minvalue | NO MINVALUE ] [ MAXVALUE maxvalue | NO MAXVALUE ]
[ START [ WITH ] start ]
[ RESTART [ [ WITH ] restart ] ]
[ CACHE cache ] [ [ NO ] CYCLE ]
[ OWNED BY { table.column | NONE } ]
ALTER SEQUENCE name OWNER TO new_owner
ALTER SEQUENCE name RENAME TO new_name
ALTER SEQUENCE name SET SCHEMA new_schema ALTER SERVER servername [ VERSION 'newversion' ]
[ OPTIONS ( [ ADD | SET | DROP ] option ['value'] [, ... ] ) ]
ALTER SERVER servername OWNER TO new_owner ALTER TABLE [ ONLY ] name [ * ]
action [, ... ]
ALTER TABLE [ ONLY ] name [ * ]
RENAME [ COLUMN ] column TO new_column
ALTER TABLE name
RENAME TO new_name
ALTER TABLE name
SET SCHEMA new_schema
where action is one of:
ADD [ COLUMN ] column type [ column_constraint [ ... ] ]
DROP [ COLUMN ] column [ RESTRICT | CASCADE ]
ALTER [ COLUMN ] column [ SET DATA ] TYPE type [ USING expression ]
ALTER [ COLUMN ] column SET DEFAULT expression
ALTER [ COLUMN ] column DROP DEFAULT
ALTER [ COLUMN ] column { SET | DROP } NOT NULL
ALTER [ COLUMN ] column SET STATISTICS integer
ALTER [ COLUMN ] column SET STORAGE { PLAIN | EXTERNAL | EXTENDED | MAIN }
ADD table_constraint
DROP CONSTRAINT constraint_name [ RESTRICT | CASCADE ]
DISABLE TRIGGER [ trigger_name | ALL | USER ]
ENABLE TRIGGER [ trigger_name | ALL | USER ]
ENABLE REPLICA TRIGGER trigger_name
ENABLE ALWAYS TRIGGER trigger_name
DISABLE RULE rewrite_rule_name
ENABLE RULE rewrite_rule_name
ENABLE REPLICA RULE rewrite_rule_name
ENABLE ALWAYS RULE rewrite_rule_name
CLUSTER ON index_name
SET WITHOUT CLUSTER
SET WITH OIDS
SET WITHOUT OIDS
SET ( storage_parameter = value [, ... ] )
RESET ( storage_parameter [, ... ] )
INHERIT parent_table
NO INHERIT parent_table
OWNER TO new_owner
SET TABLESPACE new_tablespace ALTER TABLESPACE name RENAME TO newname
ALTER TABLESPACE name OWNER TO newowner ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION name
ADD MAPPING FOR token_type [, ... ] WITH dictionary_name [, ... ]
ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION name
ALTER MAPPING FOR token_type [, ... ] WITH dictionary_name [, ... ]
ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION name
ALTER MAPPING REPLACE old_dictionary WITH new_dictionary
ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION name
ALTER MAPPING FOR token_type [, ... ] REPLACE old_dictionary WITH new_dictionary
ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION name
DROP MAPPING [ IF EXISTS ] FOR token_type [, ... ]
ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION name RENAME TO newname
ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION name OWNER TO newowner ALTER TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY name (
option [ = value ] [, ... ]
)
ALTER TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY name RENAME TO newname
ALTER TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY name OWNER TO newowner ALTER TEXT SEARCH PARSER name RENAME TO newname ALTER TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE name RENAME TO newname ALTER TRIGGER name ON table RENAME TO newname ALTER TYPE name RENAME TO new_name
ALTER TYPE name OWNER TO new_owner
ALTER TYPE name SET SCHEMA new_schema ALTER USER MAPPING FOR { username | USER | CURRENT_USER | PUBLIC }
SERVER servername
OPTIONS ( [ ADD | SET | DROP ] option ['value'] [, ... ] ) ALTER USER name [ [ WITH ] option [ ... ] ]
where option can be:
SUPERUSER | NOSUPERUSER
| CREATEDB | NOCREATEDB
| CREATEROLE | NOCREATEROLE
| CREATEUSER | NOCREATEUSER
| INHERIT | NOINHERIT
| LOGIN | NOLOGIN
| CONNECTION LIMIT connlimit
| [ ENCRYPTED | UNENCRYPTED ] PASSWORD 'password'
| VALID UNTIL 'timestamp'
ALTER USER name RENAME TO newname
ALTER USER name SET configuration_parameter { TO | = } { value | DEFAULT }
ALTER USER name SET configuration_parameter FROM CURRENT
ALTER USER name RESET configuration_parameter
ALTER USER name RESET ALL ALTER VIEW name ALTER [ COLUMN ] column SET DEFAULT expression
ALTER VIEW name ALTER [ COLUMN ] column DROP DEFAULT
ALTER VIEW name OWNER TO new_owner
ALTER VIEW name RENAME TO new_name
ALTER VIEW name SET SCHEMA new_schema ALTER [ PROCEDURAL ] LANGUAGE name RENAME TO newname
ALTER [ PROCEDURAL ] LANGUAGE name OWNER TO new_owner ANALYZE [ VERBOSE ] [ table [ ( column [, ...] ) ] ] Access privileges Argument data types Asynchronous notification "%s" received from server process with PID %d.
Attributes Available help:
BEGIN [ WORK | TRANSACTION ] [ transaction_mode [, ...] ]
where transaction_mode is one of:
ISOLATION LEVEL { SERIALIZABLE | REPEATABLE READ | READ COMMITTED | READ UNCOMMITTED }
READ WRITE | READ ONLY Border style is %d.
CHECKPOINT CLOSE { name | ALL } CLUSTER [VERBOSE] tablename [ USING indexname ]
CLUSTER [VERBOSE] COMMENT ON
{
TABLE object_name |
COLUMN table_name.column_name |
AGGREGATE agg_name (agg_type [, ...] ) |
CAST (sourcetype AS targettype) |
CONSTRAINT constraint_name ON table_name |
CONVERSION object_name |
DATABASE object_name |
DOMAIN object_name |
FUNCTION func_name ( [ [ argmode ] [ argname ] argtype [, ...] ] ) |
INDEX object_name |
LARGE OBJECT large_object_oid |
OPERATOR op (leftoperand_type, rightoperand_type) |
OPERATOR CLASS object_name USING index_method |
OPERATOR FAMILY object_name USING index_method |
[ PROCEDURAL ] LANGUAGE object_name |
ROLE object_name |
RULE rule_name ON table_name |
SCHEMA object_name |
SEQUENCE object_name |
TABLESPACE object_name |
TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION object_name |
TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY object_name |
TEXT SEARCH PARSER object_name |
TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE object_name |
TRIGGER trigger_name ON table_name |
TYPE object_name |
VIEW object_name
} IS 'text' COMMIT PREPARED transaction_id COMMIT [ WORK | TRANSACTION ] COPY data transfer failed: %s COPY tablename [ ( column [, ...] ) ]
FROM { 'filename' | STDIN }
[ [ WITH ]
[ BINARY ]
[ OIDS ]
[ DELIMITER [ AS ] 'delimiter' ]
[ NULL [ AS ] 'null string' ]
[ CSV [ HEADER ]
[ QUOTE [ AS ] 'quote' ]
[ ESCAPE [ AS ] 'escape' ]
[ FORCE NOT NULL column [, ...] ]
COPY { tablename [ ( column [, ...] ) ] | ( query ) }
TO { 'filename' | STDOUT }
[ [ WITH ]
[ BINARY ]
[ OIDS ]
[ DELIMITER [ AS ] 'delimiter' ]
[ NULL [ AS ] 'null string' ]
[ CSV [ HEADER ]
[ QUOTE [ AS ] 'quote' ]
[ ESCAPE [ AS ] 'escape' ]
[ FORCE QUOTE column [, ...] ] CREATE AGGREGATE name ( input_data_type [ , ... ] ) (
SFUNC = sfunc,
STYPE = state_data_type
[ , FINALFUNC = ffunc ]
[ , INITCOND = initial_condition ]
[ , SORTOP = sort_operator ]
)
or the old syntax
CREATE AGGREGATE name (
BASETYPE = base_type,
SFUNC = sfunc,
STYPE = state_data_type
[ , FINALFUNC = ffunc ]
[ , INITCOND = initial_condition ]
[ , SORTOP = sort_operator ]
) CREATE CAST (sourcetype AS targettype)
WITH FUNCTION funcname (argtypes)
[ AS ASSIGNMENT | AS IMPLICIT ]
CREATE CAST (sourcetype AS targettype)
WITHOUT FUNCTION
[ AS ASSIGNMENT | AS IMPLICIT ]
CREATE CAST (sourcetype AS targettype)
WITH INOUT
[ AS ASSIGNMENT | AS IMPLICIT ] CREATE CONSTRAINT TRIGGER name
AFTER event [ OR ... ]
ON table_name
[ FROM referenced_table_name ]
{ NOT DEFERRABLE | [ DEFERRABLE ] { INITIALLY IMMEDIATE | INITIALLY DEFERRED } }
FOR EACH ROW
EXECUTE PROCEDURE funcname ( arguments ) CREATE DATABASE name
[ [ WITH ] [ OWNER [=] dbowner ]
[ TEMPLATE [=] template ]
[ ENCODING [=] encoding ]
[ LC_COLLATE [=] lc_collate ]
[ LC_CTYPE [=] lc_ctype ]
[ TABLESPACE [=] tablespace ]
[ CONNECTION LIMIT [=] connlimit ] ] CREATE DOMAIN name [ AS ] data_type
[ DEFAULT expression ]
[ constraint [ ... ] ]
where constraint is:
[ CONSTRAINT constraint_name ]
{ NOT NULL | NULL | CHECK (expression) } CREATE FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER name
[ VALIDATOR valfunction | NO VALIDATOR ]
[ OPTIONS ( option 'value' [, ... ] ) ] CREATE GROUP name [ [ WITH ] option [ ... ] ]
where option can be:
SUPERUSER | NOSUPERUSER
| CREATEDB | NOCREATEDB
| CREATEROLE | NOCREATEROLE
| CREATEUSER | NOCREATEUSER
| INHERIT | NOINHERIT
| LOGIN | NOLOGIN
| [ ENCRYPTED | UNENCRYPTED ] PASSWORD 'password'
| VALID UNTIL 'timestamp'
| IN ROLE rolename [, ...]
| IN GROUP rolename [, ...]
| ROLE rolename [, ...]
| ADMIN rolename [, ...]
| USER rolename [, ...]
| SYSID uid CREATE OPERATOR CLASS name [ DEFAULT ] FOR TYPE data_type
USING index_method [ FAMILY family_name ] AS
{ OPERATOR strategy_number operator_name [ ( op_type, op_type ) ]
| FUNCTION support_number [ ( op_type [ , op_type ] ) ] funcname ( argument_type [, ...] )
| STORAGE storage_type
} [, ... ] CREATE OPERATOR FAMILY name USING index_method CREATE OPERATOR name (
PROCEDURE = funcname
[, LEFTARG = lefttype ] [, RIGHTARG = righttype ]
[, COMMUTATOR = com_op ] [, NEGATOR = neg_op ]
[, RESTRICT = res_proc ] [, JOIN = join_proc ]
[, HASHES ] [, MERGES ]
) CREATE ROLE name [ [ WITH ] option [ ... ] ]
where option can be:
SUPERUSER | NOSUPERUSER
| CREATEDB | NOCREATEDB
| CREATEROLE | NOCREATEROLE
| CREATEUSER | NOCREATEUSER
| INHERIT | NOINHERIT
| LOGIN | NOLOGIN
| CONNECTION LIMIT connlimit
| [ ENCRYPTED | UNENCRYPTED ] PASSWORD 'password'
| VALID UNTIL 'timestamp'
| IN ROLE rolename [, ...]
| IN GROUP rolename [, ...]
| ROLE rolename [, ...]
| ADMIN rolename [, ...]
| USER rolename [, ...]
| SYSID uid CREATE SCHEMA schemaname [ AUTHORIZATION username ] [ schema_element [ ... ] ]
CREATE SCHEMA AUTHORIZATION username [ schema_element [ ... ] ] CREATE SERVER servername [ TYPE 'servertype' ] [ VERSION 'serverversion' ]
FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER fdwname
[ OPTIONS ( option 'value' [, ... ] ) ] CREATE TABLESPACE tablespacename [ OWNER username ] LOCATION 'directory' CREATE TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION name (
PARSER = parser_name |
COPY = source_config
) CREATE TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY name (
TEMPLATE = template
[, option = value [, ... ]]
) CREATE TEXT SEARCH PARSER name (
START = start_function ,
GETTOKEN = gettoken_function ,
END = end_function ,
LEXTYPES = lextypes_function
[, HEADLINE = headline_function ]
) CREATE TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE name (
[ INIT = init_function , ]
LEXIZE = lexize_function
) CREATE TRIGGER name { BEFORE | AFTER } { event [ OR ... ] }
ON table [ FOR [ EACH ] { ROW | STATEMENT } ]
EXECUTE PROCEDURE funcname ( arguments ) CREATE TYPE name AS
( attribute_name data_type [, ... ] )
CREATE TYPE name AS ENUM
( 'label' [, ... ] )
CREATE TYPE name (
INPUT = input_function,
OUTPUT = output_function
[ , RECEIVE = receive_function ]
[ , SEND = send_function ]
[ , TYPMOD_IN = type_modifier_input_function ]
[ , TYPMOD_OUT = type_modifier_output_function ]
[ , ANALYZE = analyze_function ]
[ , INTERNALLENGTH = { internallength | VARIABLE } ]
[ , PASSEDBYVALUE ]
[ , ALIGNMENT = alignment ]
[ , STORAGE = storage ]
[ , LIKE = like_type ]
[ , CATEGORY = category ]
[ , PREFERRED = preferred ]
[ , DEFAULT = default ]
[ , ELEMENT = element ]
[ , DELIMITER = delimiter ]
)
CREATE TYPE name CREATE USER MAPPING FOR { username | USER | CURRENT_USER | PUBLIC }
SERVER servername
[ OPTIONS ( option 'value' [ , ... ] ) ] CREATE USER name [ [ WITH ] option [ ... ] ]
where option can be:
SUPERUSER | NOSUPERUSER
| CREATEDB | NOCREATEDB
| CREATEROLE | NOCREATEROLE
| CREATEUSER | NOCREATEUSER
| INHERIT | NOINHERIT
| LOGIN | NOLOGIN
| CONNECTION LIMIT connlimit
| [ ENCRYPTED | UNENCRYPTED ] PASSWORD 'password'
| VALID UNTIL 'timestamp'
| IN ROLE rolename [, ...]
| IN GROUP rolename [, ...]
| ROLE rolename [, ...]
| ADMIN rolename [, ...]
| USER rolename [, ...]
| SYSID uid CREATE [ DEFAULT ] CONVERSION name
FOR source_encoding TO dest_encoding FROM funcname CREATE [ OR REPLACE ] FUNCTION
name ( [ [ argmode ] [ argname ] argtype [ { DEFAULT | = } defexpr ] [, ...] ] )
[ RETURNS rettype
| RETURNS TABLE ( colname coltype [, ...] ) ]
{ LANGUAGE langname
| WINDOW
| IMMUTABLE | STABLE | VOLATILE
| CALLED ON NULL INPUT | RETURNS NULL ON NULL INPUT | STRICT
| [ EXTERNAL ] SECURITY INVOKER | [ EXTERNAL ] SECURITY DEFINER
| COST execution_cost
| ROWS result_rows
| SET configuration_parameter { TO value | = value | FROM CURRENT }
| AS 'definition'
| AS 'obj_file', 'link_symbol'
} ...
[ WITH ( attribute [, ...] ) ] CREATE [ OR REPLACE ] RULE name AS ON event
TO table [ WHERE condition ]
DO [ ALSO | INSTEAD ] { NOTHING | command | ( command ; command ... ) } CREATE [ OR REPLACE ] [ TEMP | TEMPORARY ] VIEW name [ ( column_name [, ...] ) ]
AS query CREATE [ PROCEDURAL ] LANGUAGE name
CREATE [ TRUSTED ] [ PROCEDURAL ] LANGUAGE name
HANDLER call_handler [ VALIDATOR valfunction ] CREATE [ TEMPORARY | TEMP ] SEQUENCE name [ INCREMENT [ BY ] increment ]
[ MINVALUE minvalue | NO MINVALUE ] [ MAXVALUE maxvalue | NO MAXVALUE ]
[ START [ WITH ] start ] [ CACHE cache ] [ [ NO ] CYCLE ]
[ OWNED BY { table.column | NONE } ] CREATE [ UNIQUE ] INDEX [ CONCURRENTLY ] name ON table [ USING method ]
( { column | ( expression ) } [ opclass ] [ ASC | DESC ] [ NULLS { FIRST | LAST } ] [, ...] )
[ WITH ( storage_parameter = value [, ... ] ) ]
[ TABLESPACE tablespace ]
[ WHERE predicate ] CREATE [ [ GLOBAL | LOCAL ] { TEMPORARY | TEMP } ] TABLE table_name
[ (column_name [, ...] ) ]
[ WITH ( storage_parameter [= value] [, ... ] ) | WITH OIDS | WITHOUT OIDS ]
[ ON COMMIT { PRESERVE ROWS | DELETE ROWS | DROP } ]
[ TABLESPACE tablespace ]
AS query
[ WITH [ NO ] DATA ] CREATE [ [ GLOBAL | LOCAL ] { TEMPORARY | TEMP } ] TABLE table_name ( [
{ column_name data_type [ DEFAULT default_expr ] [ column_constraint [ ... ] ]
| table_constraint
| LIKE parent_table [ { INCLUDING | EXCLUDING } { DEFAULTS | CONSTRAINTS | INDEXES } ] ... }
[, ... ]
] )
[ INHERITS ( parent_table [, ... ] ) ]
[ WITH ( storage_parameter [= value] [, ... ] ) | WITH OIDS | WITHOUT OIDS ]
[ ON COMMIT { PRESERVE ROWS | DELETE ROWS | DROP } ]
[ TABLESPACE tablespace ]
where column_constraint is:
[ CONSTRAINT constraint_name ]
{ NOT NULL |
NULL |
UNIQUE index_parameters |
PRIMARY KEY index_parameters |
CHECK ( expression ) |
REFERENCES reftable [ ( refcolumn ) ] [ MATCH FULL | MATCH PARTIAL | MATCH SIMPLE ]
[ ON DELETE action ] [ ON UPDATE action ] }
[ DEFERRABLE | NOT DEFERRABLE ] [ INITIALLY DEFERRED | INITIALLY IMMEDIATE ]
and table_constraint is:
[ CONSTRAINT constraint_name ]
{ UNIQUE ( column_name [, ... ] ) index_parameters |
PRIMARY KEY ( column_name [, ... ] ) index_parameters |
CHECK ( expression ) |
FOREIGN KEY ( column_name [, ... ] ) REFERENCES reftable [ ( refcolumn [, ... ] ) ]
[ MATCH FULL | MATCH PARTIAL | MATCH SIMPLE ] [ ON DELETE action ] [ ON UPDATE action ] }
[ DEFERRABLE | NOT DEFERRABLE ] [ INITIALLY DEFERRED | INITIALLY IMMEDIATE ]
index_parameters in UNIQUE and PRIMARY KEY constraints are:
[ WITH ( storage_parameter [= value] [, ... ] ) ]
[ USING INDEX TABLESPACE tablespace ] Cannot add cell to table content: total cell count of %d exceeded.
Cannot add header to table content: column count of %d exceeded.
Cannot login Check Check constraints: Collation Column Column access privileges Command: %s
Description: %s
Syntax:
%s
Composite type "%s.%s" Connection
Create DB Create role Ctype DEALLOCATE [ PREPARE ] { name | ALL } DECLARE name [ BINARY ] [ INSENSITIVE ] [ [ NO ] SCROLL ]
CURSOR [ { WITH | WITHOUT } HOLD ] FOR query DELETE FROM [ ONLY ] table [ * ] [ [ AS ] alias ]
[ USING usinglist ]
[ WHERE condition | WHERE CURRENT OF cursor_name ]
[ RETURNING * | output_expression [ [ AS ] output_name ] [, ...] ] DISCARD { ALL | PLANS | TEMPORARY | TEMP } DROP AGGREGATE [ IF EXISTS ] name ( type [ , ... ] ) [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP CAST [ IF EXISTS ] (sourcetype AS targettype) [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP CONVERSION [ IF EXISTS ] name [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP DATABASE [ IF EXISTS ] name DROP DOMAIN [ IF EXISTS ] name [, ...] [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER [ IF EXISTS ] name [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP FUNCTION [ IF EXISTS ] name ( [ [ argmode ] [ argname ] argtype [, ...] ] )
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP GROUP [ IF EXISTS ] name [, ...] DROP INDEX [ IF EXISTS ] name [, ...] [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP OPERATOR CLASS [ IF EXISTS ] name USING index_method [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP OPERATOR FAMILY [ IF EXISTS ] name USING index_method [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP OPERATOR [ IF EXISTS ] name ( { lefttype | NONE } , { righttype | NONE } ) [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP OWNED BY name [, ...] [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP ROLE [ IF EXISTS ] name [, ...] DROP RULE [ IF EXISTS ] name ON relation [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP SCHEMA [ IF EXISTS ] name [, ...] [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP SEQUENCE [ IF EXISTS ] name [, ...] [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP SERVER [ IF EXISTS ] servername [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP TABLE [ IF EXISTS ] name [, ...] [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP TABLESPACE [ IF EXISTS ] tablespacename DROP TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION [ IF EXISTS ] name [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY [ IF EXISTS ] name [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP TEXT SEARCH PARSER [ IF EXISTS ] name [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE [ IF EXISTS ] name [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP TRIGGER [ IF EXISTS ] name ON table [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP TYPE [ IF EXISTS ] name [, ...] [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP USER MAPPING [ IF EXISTS ] FOR { username | USER | CURRENT_USER | PUBLIC } SERVER servername DROP USER [ IF EXISTS ] name [, ...] DROP VIEW [ IF EXISTS ] name [, ...] [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP [ PROCEDURAL ] LANGUAGE [ IF EXISTS ] name [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] Default footer is off. Default footer is on. Default? Description Destination Dictionaries Did not find any relation named "%s".
Did not find any relation with OID %s.
Did not find any text search configuration named "%s".
Did not find any text search parser named "%s".
Disabled rules: Disabled triggers: END [ WORK | TRANSACTION ] EXECUTE name [ ( parameter [, ...] ) ] EXPLAIN [ ANALYZE ] [ VERBOSE ] statement Elements Encoding End parse Enter data to be copied followed by a newline.
End with a backslash and a period on a line by itself. Enter it again: Enter new password: Expanded display is off.
Expanded display is on.
FETCH [ direction { FROM | IN } ] cursorname
where direction can be empty or one of:
NEXT
PRIOR
FIRST
LAST
ABSOLUTE count
RELATIVE count
count
ALL
FORWARD
FORWARD count
FORWARD ALL
BACKWARD
BACKWARD count
BACKWARD ALL Failed.
Field separator is "%s".
Foreign-data wrapper Foreign-key constraints: Formatting
Function GRANT { { SELECT | INSERT | UPDATE | DELETE | TRUNCATE | REFERENCES | TRIGGER }
[,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON [ TABLE ] tablename [, ...]
TO { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
GRANT { { SELECT | INSERT | UPDATE | REFERENCES } ( column [, ...] )
[,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] ( column [, ...] ) }
ON [ TABLE ] tablename [, ...]
TO { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
GRANT { { USAGE | SELECT | UPDATE }
[,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON SEQUENCE sequencename [, ...]
TO { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
GRANT { { CREATE | CONNECT | TEMPORARY | TEMP } [,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON DATABASE dbname [, ...]
TO { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
GRANT { USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER fdwname [, ...]
TO { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
GRANT { USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON FOREIGN SERVER servername [, ...]
TO { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
GRANT { EXECUTE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON FUNCTION funcname ( [ [ argmode ] [ argname ] argtype [, ...] ] ) [, ...]
TO { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
GRANT { USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON LANGUAGE langname [, ...]
TO { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
GRANT { { CREATE | USAGE } [,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON SCHEMA schemaname [, ...]
TO { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
GRANT { CREATE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON TABLESPACE tablespacename [, ...]
TO { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
GRANT role [, ...] TO rolename [, ...] [ WITH ADMIN OPTION ] General
General options:
Get headline Get next token Get token types Has OIDs ID INSERT INTO table [ ( column [, ...] ) ]
{ DEFAULT VALUES | VALUES ( { expression | DEFAULT } [, ...] ) [, ...] | query }
[ RETURNING * | output_expression [ [ AS ] output_name ] [, ...] ] Implicit? Index "%s.%s" Indexes: Informational
Inherits Init Init options Input/Output
Internal name Interrupted
Invalid command \%s. Try \? for help.
LISTEN name LOAD 'filename' LOCK [ TABLE ] [ ONLY ] name [ * ] [, ...] [ IN lockmode MODE ] [ NOWAIT ]
where lockmode is one of:
ACCESS SHARE | ROW SHARE | ROW EXCLUSIVE | SHARE UPDATE EXCLUSIVE
| SHARE | SHARE ROW EXCLUSIVE | EXCLUSIVE | ACCESS EXCLUSIVE Language Large Objects
Large objects Left arg type Lexize List of aggregate functions List of casts List of conversions List of data types List of databases List of domains List of foreign servers List of foreign-data wrappers List of functions List of operators List of relations List of roles List of schemas List of tablespaces List of text search configurations List of text search dictionaries List of text search parsers List of text search templates List of user mappings Locale-adjusted numeric output is off. Location MOVE [ direction { FROM | IN } ] cursorname Member of Method Modifier Modifiers NOTIFY name Name No changes No connections No help available for "%-.*s".
Try \h with no arguments to see available help.
No inheritance No matching relations found.
No relations found.
Null display is "%s".
Object Object descriptions Operating System
Options Output format is %s.
Owner PREPARE TRANSACTION transaction_id PREPARE name [ ( datatype [, ...] ) ] AS statement Pager is always used. Pager is used for long output. Pager usage is off. Password encryption failed.
Password for user %s: Password: Passwords didn't match.
Previous connection kept
Query Buffer
Query buffer is empty. Query buffer reset (cleared). REASSIGN OWNED BY old_role [, ...] TO new_role REINDEX { INDEX | TABLE | DATABASE | SYSTEM } name [ FORCE ] RELEASE [ SAVEPOINT ] savepoint_name RESET configuration_parameter
RESET ALL REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ { SELECT | INSERT | UPDATE | DELETE | TRUNCATE | REFERENCES | TRIGGER }
[,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON [ TABLE ] tablename [, ...]
FROM { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ { SELECT | INSERT | UPDATE | REFERENCES } ( column [, ...] )
[,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] ( column [, ...] ) }
ON [ TABLE ] tablename [, ...]
FROM { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ { USAGE | SELECT | UPDATE }
[,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON SEQUENCE sequencename [, ...]
FROM { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ { CREATE | CONNECT | TEMPORARY | TEMP } [,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON DATABASE dbname [, ...]
FROM { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER fdwname [, ...]
FROM { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON FOREIGN SERVER servername [, ...]
FROM { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ EXECUTE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON FUNCTION funcname ( [ [ argmode ] [ argname ] argtype [, ...] ] ) [, ...]
FROM { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON LANGUAGE langname [, ...]
FROM { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ { CREATE | USAGE } [,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON SCHEMA schemaname [, ...]
FROM { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ CREATE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON TABLESPACE tablespacename [, ...]
FROM { [ GROUP ] rolename | PUBLIC } [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [ ADMIN OPTION FOR ]
role [, ...] FROM rolename [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] ROLLBACK PREPARED transaction_id ROLLBACK [ WORK | TRANSACTION ] ROLLBACK [ WORK | TRANSACTION ] TO [ SAVEPOINT ] savepoint_name Record separator is "%s".
Record separator is . Referenced by: Report bugs to .
Result data type Result type Right arg type Role name Rules firing always: Rules firing on replica only: Rules: SAVEPOINT savepoint_name SET CONSTRAINTS { ALL | name [, ...] } { DEFERRED | IMMEDIATE } SET TRANSACTION transaction_mode [, ...]
SET SESSION CHARACTERISTICS AS TRANSACTION transaction_mode [, ...]
where transaction_mode is one of:
ISOLATION LEVEL { SERIALIZABLE | REPEATABLE READ | READ COMMITTED | READ UNCOMMITTED }
READ WRITE | READ ONLY SET [ SESSION | LOCAL ] ROLE rolename
SET [ SESSION | LOCAL ] ROLE NONE
RESET ROLE SET [ SESSION | LOCAL ] SESSION AUTHORIZATION username
SET [ SESSION | LOCAL ] SESSION AUTHORIZATION DEFAULT
RESET SESSION AUTHORIZATION SET [ SESSION | LOCAL ] configuration_parameter { TO | = } { value | 'value' | DEFAULT }
SET [ SESSION | LOCAL ] TIME ZONE { timezone | LOCAL | DEFAULT } SHOW name
SHOW ALL SSL connection (cipher: %s, bits: %i)
SSL connection (unknown cipher)
START TRANSACTION [ transaction_mode [, ...] ]
where transaction_mode is one of:
ISOLATION LEVEL { SERIALIZABLE | REPEATABLE READ | READ COMMITTED | READ UNCOMMITTED }
READ WRITE | READ ONLY Schema Sequence "%s.%s" Server Showing locale-adjusted numeric output. Showing only tuples. Size Source Source code Source type Special relation "%s.%s" Start parse Storage Succeeded.
Superuser TOAST table "%s.%s" TRUNCATE [ TABLE ] [ ONLY ] name [ * ] [, ... ]
[ RESTART IDENTITY | CONTINUE IDENTITY ] [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] Table Table "%s.%s" Table attribute is "%s".
Table attributes unset.
Tablespace Tablespace: "%s" Target type Target width for "wrapped" format is %d.
Template Text search configuration "%s" Text search configuration "%s.%s" Text search parser "%s" Text search parser "%s.%s" The connection to the server was lost. Attempting reset: The server (version %d.%d) does not support editing function source.
The server (version %d.%d) does not support foreign servers.
The server (version %d.%d) does not support foreign-data wrappers.
The server (version %d.%d) does not support full text search.
The server (version %d.%d) does not support savepoints for ON_ERROR_ROLLBACK.
The server (version %d.%d) does not support tablespaces.
The server (version %d.%d) does not support user mappings.
Time: %.3f ms
Timing is off. Timing is on. Title is "%s".
Title is unset.
Token Token name Token types for parser "%s" Token types for parser "%s.%s" Triggers firing always: Triggers firing on replica only: Triggers: Try "%s --help" for more information.
Tuples only is off. Type Type "help" for help.
Type: \copyright for distribution terms
\h for help with SQL commands
\? for help with psql commands
\g or terminate with semicolon to execute query
\q to quit
UNLISTEN { name | * } UPDATE [ ONLY ] table [ * ] [ [ AS ] alias ]
SET { column = { expression | DEFAULT } |
( column [, ...] ) = ( { expression | DEFAULT } [, ...] ) } [, ...]
[ FROM fromlist ]
[ WHERE condition | WHERE CURRENT OF cursor_name ]
[ RETURNING * | output_expression [ [ AS ] output_name ] [, ...] ] Usage:
Use "\q" to leave %s.
User name VACUUM [ FULL ] [ FREEZE ] [ VERBOSE ] [ table ]
VACUUM [ FULL ] [ FREEZE ] [ VERBOSE ] ANALYZE [ table [ (column [, ...] ) ] ] VALUES ( expression [, ...] ) [, ...]
[ ORDER BY sort_expression [ ASC | DESC | USING operator ] [, ...] ]
[ LIMIT { count | ALL } ]
[ OFFSET start [ ROW | ROWS ] ]
[ FETCH { FIRST | NEXT } [ count ] { ROW | ROWS } ONLY ] Validator Value Variables
Version View "%s.%s" View definition: Volatility WARNING: %s version %d.%d, server version %d.%d.
Some psql features might not work.
WARNING: Console code page (%u) differs from Windows code page (%u)
8-bit characters might not work correctly. See psql reference
page "Notes for Windows users" for details.
Wrote history to file "%s/%s".
You are currently not connected to a database.
You are now connected to database "%s" You are using psql, the command-line interface to PostgreSQL. [ WITH [ RECURSIVE ] with_query [, ...] ]
SELECT [ ALL | DISTINCT [ ON ( expression [, ...] ) ] ]
* | expression [ [ AS ] output_name ] [, ...]
INTO [ TEMPORARY | TEMP ] [ TABLE ] new_table
[ FROM from_item [, ...] ]
[ WHERE condition ]
[ GROUP BY expression [, ...] ]
[ HAVING condition [, ...] ]
[ WINDOW window_name AS ( window_definition ) [, ...] ]
[ { UNION | INTERSECT | EXCEPT } [ ALL ] select ]
[ ORDER BY expression [ ASC | DESC | USING operator ] [ NULLS { FIRST | LAST } ] [, ...] ]
[ LIMIT { count | ALL } ]
[ OFFSET start [ ROW | ROWS ] ]
[ FETCH { FIRST | NEXT } [ count ] { ROW | ROWS } ONLY ]
[ FOR { UPDATE | SHARE } [ OF table_name [, ...] ] [ NOWAIT ] [...] ] [ WITH [ RECURSIVE ] with_query [, ...] ]
SELECT [ ALL | DISTINCT [ ON ( expression [, ...] ) ] ]
* | expression [ [ AS ] output_name ] [, ...]
[ FROM from_item [, ...] ]
[ WHERE condition ]
[ GROUP BY expression [, ...] ]
[ HAVING condition [, ...] ]
[ WINDOW window_name AS ( window_definition ) [, ...] ]
[ { UNION | INTERSECT | EXCEPT } [ ALL ] select ]
[ ORDER BY expression [ ASC | DESC | USING operator ] [ NULLS { FIRST | LAST } ] [, ...] ]
[ LIMIT { count | ALL } ]
[ OFFSET start [ ROW | ROWS ] ]
[ FETCH { FIRST | NEXT } [ count ] { ROW | ROWS } ONLY ]
[ FOR { UPDATE | SHARE } [ OF table_name [, ...] ] [ NOWAIT ] [...] ]
where from_item can be one of:
[ ONLY ] table_name [ * ] [ [ AS ] alias [ ( column_alias [, ...] ) ] ]
( select ) [ AS ] alias [ ( column_alias [, ...] ) ]
with_query_name [ [ AS ] alias [ ( column_alias [, ...] ) ] ]
function_name ( [ argument [, ...] ] ) [ AS ] alias [ ( column_alias [, ...] | column_definition [, ...] ) ]
function_name ( [ argument [, ...] ] ) AS ( column_definition [, ...] )
from_item [ NATURAL ] join_type from_item [ ON join_condition | USING ( join_column [, ...] ) ]
and with_query is:
with_query_name [ ( column_name [, ...] ) ] AS ( select )
TABLE { [ ONLY ] table_name [ * ] | with_query_name } \!: failed
\%s: could not change directory to "%s": %s
\%s: error
\%s: extra argument "%s" ignored
\%s: missing required argument
\connect: %s \copy: %s \copy: arguments required
\copy: parse error at "%s"
\copy: parse error at end of line
\copy: unexpected response (%d)
\df does not take a "w" option with server version %d.%d
\df only takes [antwS+] as options
\pset: allowed formats are unaligned, aligned, wrapped, html, latex, troff-ms
\pset: unknown option: %s
abort the current transaction aborted because of read failure agg aggregate cancel a transaction that was earlier prepared for two-phase commit canceled by user cannot locate temporary directory: %s
change a database change a database role change a run-time parameter change role name or membership change the definition of a conversion change the definition of a domain change the definition of a foreign server change the definition of a foreign-data wrapper change the definition of a function change the definition of a procedural language change the definition of a schema change the definition of a sequence generator change the definition of a table change the definition of a tablespace change the definition of a text search configuration change the definition of a text search dictionary change the definition of a text search parser change the definition of a text search template change the definition of a trigger change the definition of a type change the definition of a user mapping change the definition of a view change the definition of an aggregate function change the definition of an index change the definition of an operator change the definition of an operator class change the definition of an operator family change the ownership of database objects owned by a database role child process exited with exit code %d child process exited with unrecognized status %d child process was terminated by exception 0x%X child process was terminated by signal %d child process was terminated by signal %s close a cursor cluster a table according to an index collect statistics about a database commit a transaction that was earlier prepared for two-phase commit commit the current transaction compute a set of rows connection to server was lost
contains support for command-line editing copy data between a file and a table could not change directory to "%s" could not find a "%s" to execute could not get current user name: %s
could not get home directory: %s
could not identify current directory: %s could not open temporary file "%s": %s
could not read binary "%s" could not read from input file: %s
could not read symbolic link "%s" could not save history to file "%s": %s
could not start /bin/sh
could not start editor "%s"
could not write COPY data: %s
create a new database create new rows in a table data type deallocate a prepared statement default %s define a cursor define a new aggregate function define a new cast define a new constraint trigger define a new data type define a new database role define a new domain define a new encoding conversion define a new foreign server define a new foreign-data wrapper define a new function define a new index define a new mapping of a user to a foreign server define a new operator define a new operator class define a new operator family define a new procedural language define a new rewrite rule define a new savepoint within the current transaction define a new schema define a new sequence generator define a new table define a new table from the results of a query define a new tablespace define a new text search configuration define a new text search dictionary define a new text search parser define a new text search template define a new trigger define a new view define access privileges define or change the comment of an object delete rows of a table destroy a previously defined savepoint discard session state empty a table or set of tables execute a prepared statement for table "%s.%s" force a transaction log checkpoint function garbage-collect and optionally analyze a database generate a notification history is not supported by this installation
immutable in assignment index invalid binary "%s" invalid command \%s
invalid output format (internal error): %d listen for a notification load a shared library file local socket lock a table no no query buffer
normal not null off on operator out of memory
position a cursor prepare a statement for execution prepare the current transaction for two-phase commit primary key, psql is the PostgreSQL interactive terminal.
rebuild indexes remove a cast remove a conversion remove a data type remove a database remove a database role remove a domain remove a foreign server descriptor remove a foreign-data wrapper remove a function remove a procedural language remove a rewrite rule remove a schema remove a sequence remove a table remove a tablespace remove a text search configuration remove a text search dictionary remove a text search parser remove a text search template remove a trigger remove a user mapping for a foreign server remove a view remove access privileges remove an aggregate function remove an index remove an operator remove an operator class remove an operator family remove database objects owned by a database role restore the value of a run-time parameter to the default value retrieve rows from a query using a cursor retrieve rows from a table or view roll back to a savepoint rule sequence set constraint checking modes for the current transaction set the characteristics of the current transaction set the current user identifier of the current session set the session user identifier and the current user identifier of the current session show the execution plan of a statement show the value of a run-time parameter special stable start a transaction block stop listening for a notification table trigger trying to exit copy mode unique, update rows of a table view volatile window yes Project-Id-Version: psql (PostgreSQL 8.4)
Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: pgsql-bugs@postgresql.org
POT-Creation-Date: 2013-01-29 13:22+0000
PO-Revision-Date: 2013-01-29 16:18-0300
Last-Translator: Álvaro Herrera
Language-Team: PgSQL Español
Language:
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=n != 1;
X-Poedit-Language: Spanish
Opciones de la conexión:
Para obtener más ayuda, digite «\?» (para órdenes internas) o «\help»
(para órdenes SQL) dentro de psql, o consulte la sección de psql
en la documentación de PostgreSQL.
Opciones de entrada y salida:
Opciones de formato de salida:
Analizador: «%s»
Analizador: «%s.%s» (opciones: S = desplegar objectos de sistema, + = agregar más detalle)
--help muestra esta ayuda y termina
--version muestra información de la versión y termina
-1 («uno»), --single-transaction
ejecuta archivo de órdenes en una única transacción
-A, --no-align modo de salida desalineado
-E, --echo-hidden mostrar consultas generadas por órdenes internas
-F, --field-separator=CADENA
definir separador de columnas (por omisión: «%s»)
-H, --html modo de salida en tablas HTML
-L, --log-file=ARCH envía el registro de la sesión a un archivo
-P, --pset=VAR[=ARG] definir opción de impresión VAR en ARG (ver orden \pset)
-R, --record-separator=CADENA
definir separador de filas (por omisión: salto de línea)
-S, --single-line modo de líneas (fin de línea termina la orden SQL)
-T, --table-attr=TEXTO
definir atributos de marcas de tabla HTML (ancho, borde)
-U, --username=NOMBRE
nombre de usuario (por omisión: "%s")
-W, --password forzar petición de contraseña
(debería ser automático)
-X, --no-psqlrc no leer archivo de configuración (~/.psqlrc)
-a, --echo-all mostrar las órdenes del script
-c, --command=ORDEN ejecutar sólo una orden (SQL o interna) y salir
-d, --dbname=NOMBRE nombre de base de datos a conectarse
(por omisión: "%s")
-e, --echo-queries mostrar órdenes enviadas al servidor
-f, --file=ARCHIVO ejecutar órdenes desde archivo, luego salir
-h, --host=NOMBRE nombre del anfitrión o directorio de socket
(por omisión: «%s»)
-l, --list listar bases de datos, luego salir
-n, --no-readline deshabilitar edición de línea de órdenes (readline)
-o, --output=ARCHIVO enviar resultados de consultas a archivo (u |orden)
-p, --port=PUERTO puerto del servidor (por omisión: "%s")
-q, --quiet modo silencioso (sin mensajes, sólo resultados)
-s, --single-step modo paso a paso (confirmar cada consulta)
-t, --tuples-only sólo muestra registros
-v, --set=, --variable=NOMBRE=VALOR
definir variable de psql NOMBRE a VALOR
-w, --no-password nunca pedir contraseña
-x, --expanded activar modo expandido de salida de tablas
\! [ORDEN] ejecutar orden en intérprete de órdenes (shell),
o iniciar intérprete interactivo
\C [CADENA] definir título de tabla, o indefinir si es vacío
\H cambiar modo de salida HTML (actualmente %s)
\T [CADENA] definir atributos HTML de , o indefinir si es vacío
\a cambiar entre modo de salida alineado y sin alinear
\c[onnect] [BASE-DE-DATOS|- USUARIO|- ANFITRIÓN|- PUERTO|-]
conectar a una nueva base de datos (actual: «%s»)
\cd [DIR] cambiar el directorio de trabajo actual
\copy ... ejecutar orden SQL COPY con flujo de datos al cliente
\copyright mostrar términos de uso y distribución de PostgreSQL
\dC [PATRÓN] listar conversiones de tipo (casts)
\dD[S] [PATRÓN] listar dominios
\dF[+] [PATRÓN] listar configuraciones de búsqueda en texto
\dFd[+] [PATRÓN] listar diccionarios de búsqueda en texto
\dFp[+] [PATRÓN] listar analizadores (parsers) de búsq. en texto
\dFt[+] [PATRÓN] listar plantillas de búsqueda en texto
\dT[S+] [PATRÓN] listar tipos de dato
\d[S+] listar tablas, vistas y secuencias
\d[S+] NOMBRE describir tabla, índice, secuencia o vista
\da[+] [PATRÓN] listar funciones de agregación
\db[+] [PATRÓN] listar tablespaces
\dc[S] [PATRÓN] listar conversiones
\dd[S] [PATRÓN] listar comentarios de objetos
\des[+] [PATRÓN] listar servidores foráneos
\deu[+] [PATRÓN] listar mapeos de usuario
\dew[+] [PATRÓN] listar conectores de datos externos
\df[antw][S+] [PATRÓN] listar funciones de agregación
\dg[+] [PATRÓN] listar roles (grupos)
\di[S+] [PATRÓN] listar índices
\dl listar objetos grandes, lo mismo que \lo_list
\dn[+] [PATRÓN] listar esquemas
\do[S] [PATRÓN] listar operadores
\dp [PATRÓN] listar privilegios de acceso a tablas, vistas y secuencias
\ds[S+] [PATRÓN] listar secuencias
\dt[S+] [PATRÓN] listar tablas
\du[+] [PATRÓN] listar roles (usuarios)
\dv[S+] [PATRÓN] listar vistas
\e [ARCHIVO] editar el búfer de consulta (o archivo) con editor externo
\echo [CADENA] escribir cadena a salida estándar
\ef [ARCHIVO] editar una función con editor externo
\encoding [CODIFICACIÓN]
mostrar o definir codificación del cliente
\f [CADENA] mostrar o definir separador de campos para
modo de salida sin alinear
\g [ARCH] o ; enviar búfer de consulta al servidor
(y resultados a archivo u |orden)
\h [NOMBRE] mostrar ayuda de sintaxis de órdenes SQL;
use «*» para todas las órdenes
\i ARCHIVO ejecutar órdenes desde archivo
\l[+] listar bases de datos
\lo_export LOBOID ARCHIVO
\lo_import ARCHIVO [COMENTARIO]
\lo_list
\lo_unlink LOBOID operaciones con objetos grandes
\o [ARCHIVO] envíar resultados de consultas a archivo u |orden
\p mostrar el contenido del búfer de consulta
\password [USUARIO]
cambiar la contraseña para un usuario en forma segura
\prompt [TEXTO] NOMBRE preguntar al usuario el valor de la variable
\pset NOMBRE [VALOR]
define opción de salida de tabla
(NOMBRE = format,border,expanded,fieldsep,footer,null,
numericlocale,recordsep,tuples_only,title,tableattr,pager})
\q salir de psql
\qecho [CADENA] escribir cadena a salida de consultas (ver \o)
\r reiniciar (limpiar) el búfer de consulta
\s [ARCHIVO] mostrar historial de órdenes o guardarlo en archivo
\set [NOMBRE [VALOR]] definir variables internas,
listar todas si no se dan parámetros
\t [on|off] mostrar sólo filas (actualmente %s)
\timing [on|off] mostrar tiempo de ejecución de órdenes
(actualmente %s)
\unset NOMBRE indefinir (eliminar) variable interna
\w ARCHIVO escribir búfer de consulta a archivo
\x [on|off] cambiar modo expandido (actualmente %s)
\z [PATRÓN] lo mismo que \dp
psql [OPCIONES]... [BASE-DE-DATOS [USUARIO]]
como el usuario «%s» en el puerto «%s» en el servidor «%s» %d conexión %d conexiones %s %s (%s, servidor %s)
%s: %s
%s: no se puede copiar desde/hacia un directorio
%s: no se pudo eliminar la variable «%s»
%s: no se pudo abrir archivo de log "%s": %s
%s: no se pudo definir parámetro de impresión "%s"
%s: no se pudo definir la variable «%s»
%s: transacción en curso está abortada
%s: nombre de codificación no válido o procedimiento de conversión
no encontrado
%s: no está conectado a una base de datos
%s: pg_strdup: no se puede duplicar puntero nulo (error interno)
%s: estado de transacción desconocido
%s: atención: se ignoró argumento extra «%s» en línea de órdenes
(%lu fila) (%lu filas) (Sin filas)
***(Modo paso a paso: verifique la orden)****************************************
%s
***(presione enter para continuar, o x y enter para cancelar)*******************
********* QUERY **********
%s
**************************
, clustered , no válido , predicado (%s) , tablespace "%s" ABORT [ WORK | TRANSACTION ] ALTER AGGREGATE nombre ( tipo [, ... ] ) RENAME TO nuevo_nombre
ALTER AGGREGATE nombre ( tipo [, ... ] ) OWNER TO nuevo_dueño
ALTER AGGREGATE nombre ( tipo [, ... ] ) SET SCHEMA nuevo_esquema ALTER CONVERSION nombre RENAME TO nuevo_nombre
ALTER CONVERSION nombre OWNER TO nuevo_dueño ALTER DATABASE nombre [ [ WITH ] opción [ ... ] ]
donde opción puede ser:
CONNECTION LIMIT connlimit
ALTER DATABASE nombre RENAME TO nuevo_nombre
ALTER DATABASE nombre OWNER TO nuevo_dueño
ALTER DATABASE nombre SET TABLESPACE nuevo_tablespace
ALTER DATABASE nombre SET parámetro { TO | = } { valor | DEFAULT }
ALTER DATABASE nombre SET parámetro FROM CURRENT
ALTER DATABASE nombre RESET parámetro
ALTER DATABASE nombre RESET ALL ALTER DOMAIN nombre
{ SET DEFAULT expresión | DROP DEFAULT }
ALTER DOMAIN nombre
{ SET | DROP } NOT NULL
ALTER DOMAIN nombre
ADD restricción_dominio
ALTER DOMAIN nombre
DROP CONSTRAINT nombre_restricción [ RESTRICT | CASCADE ]
ALTER DOMAIN nombre
OWNER TO nuevo_dueño
ALTER DOMAIN nombre
SET SCHEMA nuevo_esquema ALTER FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER nombre
[ VALIDATOR función_validadora | NO VALIDATOR ]
[ OPTIONS ( [ ADD | SET | DROP ] opción ['valor'] [, ... ]) ]
ALTER FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER nombre OWNER TO nuevo_dueño ALTER FUNCTION nombre ( [ [ modoarg ] [ nombrearg ] tipoarg [, ...] ] )
acción [, ... ] [ RESTRICT ]
ALTER FUNCTION nombre ( [ [ modoarg ] [ nombrearg ] tipoarg [, ...] ] )
RENAME TO nuevo_nombre
ALTER FUNCTION nombre ( [ [ modoarg ] [ nombrearg ] tipoarg [, ...] ] )
OWNER TO nuevo_dueño
ALTER FUNCTION nombre ( [ [ modoarg ] [ nombrearg ] tipoarg [, ...] ] )
SET SCHEMA nuevo_esquema
donde acción es una de:
CALLED ON NULL INPUT | RETURNS NULL ON NULL INPUT | STRICT
IMMUTABLE | STABLE | VOLATILE
[ EXTERNAL ] SECURITY INVOKER | [ EXTERNAL ] SECURITY DEFINER
COST costo_ejecución
ROWS núm_filas_resultado
SET parámetro_configuración { TO | = } { valor | DEFAULT}
SET parámetro_configuración FROM CURRENT
RESET parámetro_configuración
RESET ALL ALTER GROUP nombre_grupo ADD USER nombre_usuario [, ... ]
ALTER GROUP nombre_grupo DROP USER nombre_usuario [, ... ]
ALTER GROUP nombre_grupo RENAME TO nuevo_nombre ALTER INDEX nombre RENAME TO nuevo_nombre
ALTER INDEX nombre SET TABLESPACE nombre_de_tablespace
ALTER INDEX nombre SET ( parámetro_de_almacenamiento = valor [, ... ] )
ALTER INDEX nombre RESET ( parámetro_de_almacenamiento [, ... ] ) ALTER OPERATOR CLASS nombre USING método_de_índice RENAME TO nuevo_nombre
ALTER OPERATOR CLASS nombre USING método_de_índice OWNER TO nuevo_dueño ALTER OPERATOR FAMILY nombre USING método_de_índice ADD
{ OPERATOR número_estrategia nombre_operador ( tipo_op, tipo_op )
| FUNCTION núm_soporte [ ( tipo_op [ , tipo_op ] ) ] nombre_func ( tipo_arg [, ...] )
} [, ... ]
ALTER OPERATOR FAMILY nombre USING método_de_índice DROP
{ OPERATOR número_estrategia ( tipo_op [ , tipo_op ] )
| FUNCTION núm_soporte ( tipo_op [ , tipo_op ] )
} [, ... ]
ALTER OPERATOR FAMILY nombre USING método_de_índice RENAME TO nuevo_nombre
ALTER OPERATOR FAMILY nombre USING método_de_índice OWNER TO nuevo_dueño ALTER OPERATOR name ( { lefttype | NONE } , { righttype | NONE } ) OWNER TO newowner ALTER ROLE nombre [ [ WITH ] opción [ ... ] ]
donde opción puede ser:
SUPERUSER | NOSUPERUSER
| CREATEDB | NOCREATEDB
| CREATEROLE | NOCREATEROLE
| CREATEUSER | NOCREATEUSER
| INHERIT | NOINHERIT
| LOGIN | NOLOGIN
| CONNECTION LIMIT connlimit
| [ ENCRYPTED | UNENCRYPTED ] PASSWORD 'contraseña'
| VALID UNTIL 'timestamp'
ALTER ROLE nombre RENAME TO nuevo_nombre
ALTER ROLE nombre SET parámetro_de_configuración { TO | = } { valor | DEFAULT }
ALTER ROLE nombre SET parámetro_de_configuración FROM CURRENT
ALTER ROLE nombre RESET parámetro_de_configuración
ALTER ROLE nombre RESET ALL ALTER SCHEMA name RENAME TO newname
ALTER SCHEMA name OWNER TO newowner ALTER SEQUENCE nombre [ INCREMENT [ BY ] incremento ]
[ MINVALUE valor_mín | NO MINVALUE ] [ MAXVALUE valor_máx | NO MAXVALUE ]
[ START [ WITH ] inicio ]
[ RESTART [ [ WITH ] reinicio ] ]
[ CACHE cache ] [ [ NO ] CYCLE ]
[ OWNED BY { tabla.columna | NONE } ]
ALTER SEQUENCE nombre OWNER TO nuevo_dueño
ALTER SEQUENCE nombre RENAME TO nuevo_nombre
ALTER SEQUENCE nombre SET SCHEMA nuevo_esquema ALTER SERVER nombre_servidor [ VERSION 'nueva_versión' ]
[ OPTIONS ( [ ADD | SET | DROP ] opción ['valor'] [, ... ] ) ]
ALTER SERVER nombre_servidor OWNER TO nuevo_dueño ALTER TABLE [ ONLY ] nombre [ * ]
acción [, ... ]
ALTER TABLE [ ONLY ] nombre [ * ]
RENAME [ COLUMN ] columna TO nueva_columna
ALTER TABLE nombre
RENAME TO nuevo_nombre
ALTER TABLE nombre
SET SCHEMA nuevo_nombre
donde acción es una de:
ADD [ COLUMN ] columna tipo [ restricción_de_columna [ ... ] ]
DROP [ COLUMN ] columna [ RESTRICT | CASCADE ]
ALTER [ COLUMN ] columna [ SET DATA ] TYPE type [ USING expresión ]
ALTER [ COLUMN ] columna SET DEFAULT expresión
ALTER [ COLUMN ] columna DROP DEFAULT
ALTER [ COLUMN ] columna { SET | DROP } NOT NULL
ALTER [ COLUMN ] columna SET STATISTICS entero
ALTER [ COLUMN ] columna SET STORAGE { PLAIN | EXTERNAL | EXTENDED | MAIN }
ADD restricción_de_tabla
DROP CONSTRAINT nombre_de_restricción [ RESTRICT | CASCADE ]
DISABLE TRIGGER [ nombre_disparador | ALL | USER ]
ENABLE TRIGGER [ nombre_disparador | ALL | USER ]
ENABLE REPLICA TRIGGER nombre_disparador
ENABLE ALWAYS TRIGGER nombre_disparador
DISABLE RULE nombre_regla
ENABLE RULE nombre_regla
ENABLE REPLICA RULE nombre_regla
ENABLE ALWAYS RULE nombre_regla
CLUSTER ON nombre_índice
SET WITHOUT CLUSTER
SET WITH OIDS
SET WITHOUT OIDS
SET ( parámetro_de_almacenamiento = valor [, ... ] )
RESET ( parámetro_de_almacenamiento [, ... ] )
INHERIT tabla_padre
NO INHERIT tabla_padre
OWNER TO nuevo_dueño
SET TABLESPACE nueva_tablespace ALTER TABLESPACE name RENAME TO newname
ALTER TABLESPACE name OWNER TO newowner ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION nombre
ADD MAPPING FOR tipo_elemento [, ... ] WITH nombre_diccionario [, ... ]
ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION nombre
ALTER MAPPING FOR tipo_elemento [, ... ] WITH nombre_diccionario [, ... ]
ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION nombre
ALTER MAPPING REPLACE diccionario WITH nuevo_diccionario
ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION nombre
ALTER MAPPING FOR tipo_elemento [, ... ] REPLACE diccionario WITH nuevo_diccionario
ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION nombre
DROP MAPPING [ IF EXISTS ] FOR tipo_elemento [, ... ]
ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION nombre RENAME TO nuevo_nombre
ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION nombre OWNER TO nuevo_dueño ALTER TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY nombre (
opción [ = valor ] [, ... ]
)
ALTER TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY nombre RENAME TO nuevo_nombre
ALTER TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY nombre OWNER TO nuevo_dueño ALTER TEXT SEARCH PARSER nombre RENAME TO nuevo_nombre ALTER TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE nombre RENAME TO nuevo_nombre ALTER TRIGGER nombre ON tabla RENAME TO nuevo_nombre ALTER TYPE nombre RENAME TO nuevo_nombre
ALTER TYPE nombre OWNER TO nuevo_dueño
ALTER TYPE nombre SET SCHEMA nuevo_esquema ALTER USER MAPPING FOR { nombre_usuario | USER | CURRENT_USER | PUBLIC }
SERVER nombre_servidor
OPTIONS ( [ ADD | SET | DROP ] opción ['valor'] [, ... ] ) ALTER USER nombre [ [ WITH ] opción [ ... ] ]
donde opción puede ser:
SUPERUSER | NOSUPERUSER
| CREATEDB | NOCREATEDB
| CREATEROLE | NOCREATEROLE
| CREATEUSER | NOCREATEUSER
| INHERIT | NOINHERIT
| LOGIN | NOLOGIN
| CONNECTION LIMIT connlimit
| [ ENCRYPTED | UNENCRYPTED ] PASSWORD 'contraseña'
| VALID UNTIL 'timestamp'
ALTER USER nombre RENAME TO nuevo_nombre
ALTER USER nombre SET parámetro_de_configuración { TO | = } { valor | DEFAULT }
ALTER USER nombre SET parámetro_de_configuración FROM CURRENT
ALTER USER nombre RESET parámetro_de_configuración
ALTER USER nombre RESET ALL ALTER VIEW nombre ALTER [ COLUMN ] columna SET DEFAULT expresión
ALTER VIEW nombre ALTER [ COLUMN ] columna DROP DEFAULT
ALTER VIEW nombre OWNER TO nuevo_dueño
ALTER VIEW nombre RENAME TO nuevo_nombre
ALTER VIEW nombre SET SCHEMA nuevo_esquema ALTER [ PROCEDURAL ] LANGUAGE nombre RENAME TO nuevo_nombre
ALTER [ PROCEDURAL ] LANGUAGE nombre OWNER TO nuevo_dueño ANALYZE [ VERBOSE ] [ table [ ( column [, ...] ) ] ] Privilegios Tipos de datos de argumentos Notificación asíncrona «%s» recibida del proceso de servidor con PID %d.
Atributos Ayuda disponible:
BEGIN [ WORK | TRANSACTION ] [ transaction_mode [, ...] ]
donde transaction_mode es uno de:
ISOLATION LEVEL { SERIALIZABLE | REPEATABLE READ | READ COMMITTED | READ UNCOMMITTED }
READ WRITE | READ ONLY El estilo de borde es %d.
CHECKPOINT CLOSE { name | ALL } CLUSTER [VERBOSE] nombre_tabla [ USING nombre_índice ]
CLUSTER [VERBOSE] COMMENT ON
{
TABLE nombre_objeto |
COLUMN nombre_tabla.nombre_columna |
AGGREGATE nombre_agreg (tipo_agreg [, ...] ) |
CAST (tipo_origen AS tipo_destino) |
CONSTRAINT nombre_restricción ON nombre_tabla |
CONVERSION nombre_objeto |
DATABASE nombre_objeto |
DOMAIN nombre_objeto |
FUNCTION nombre_función ( [ [ modo_arg ] [ nombre_arg ] tipo_arg [, ...] ] ) |
INDEX nombre_objeto |
LARGE OBJECT oid_objeto_grande |
OPERATOR op (tipo_operando_izq, tipo_operando_der) |
OPERATOR CLASS nombre_objeto USING método_de_índice |
OPERATOR FAMILY nombre_objeto USING método_de_índice |
[ PROCEDURAL ] LANGUAGE nombre_objeto |
ROLE nombre_objeto |
RULE nombre_regla ON nombre_tabla |
SCHEMA nombre_objeto |
SEQUENCE nombre_objeto |
TABLESPACE nombre_objeto |
TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION nombre_objeto |
TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY nombre_objeto |
TEXT SEARCH PARSER nombre_objeto |
TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE nombre_objeto |
TRIGGER nombre_disparador ON nombre_tabla |
TYPE nombre_objeto |
VIEW nombre_objeto
} IS 'texto' COMMIT PREPARED id_de_transaccion COMMIT [ WORK | TRANSACTION ] falló la transferencia de datos COPY: %s COPY nombre_tabla [ ( columna [, ...] ) ]
FROM { 'archivo' | STDIN }
[ [ WITH ]
[ BINARY ]
[ OIDS ]
[ DELIMITER [ AS ] 'delimitador' ]
[ NULL [ AS ] 'cadena para null' ]
[ CSV [ HEADER ]
[ QUOTE [ AS ] 'quote' ]
[ ESCAPE [ AS ] 'escape' ]
[ FORCE NOT NULL columna [, ...] ]
COPY { nombre_tabla [ ( columna [, ...] ) ] | ( consulta ) }
TO { 'archivo' | STDOUT }
[ [ WITH ]
[ BINARY ]
[ HEADER ]
[ OIDS ]
[ DELIMITER [ AS ] 'delimitador' ]
[ NULL [ AS ] 'cadena para null' ]
[ CSV [ HEADER ]
[ QUOTE [ AS ] 'quote' ]
[ ESCAPE [ AS ] 'escape' ]
[ FORCE QUOTE columna [, ...] ] CREATE AGGREGATE nombre ( tipo_dato_entrada [, ... ]) (
SFUNC = sfunc,
STYPE = tipo_dato_de_estado
[ , FINALFUNC = ffunc ]
[ , INITCOND = condición_inicial ]
[ , SORTOP = operador_de_ordenamiento ]
)
o la sintaxis antigua
CREATE AGGREGATE nombre (
BASETYPE = tipo_dato_entrada,
SFUNC = sfunc,
STYPE = tipo_dato_estado
[ , FINALFUNC = ffunc ]
[ , INITCOND = condición_inicial ]
[ , SORTOP = operador_de_ordenamiento ]
) CREATE CAST (tipo_origen AS tipo_destino)
WITH FUNCTION nombre_función (tipos_de_argumentos)
[ AS ASSIGNMENT | AS IMPLICIT ]
CREATE CAST (tipo_origen AS tipo_destino)
WITHOUT FUNCTION
[ AS ASSIGNMENT | AS IMPLICIT ]
CREATE CAST (tipo_origen AS tipo_destino)
WITH INOUT
[ AS ASSIGNMENT | AS IMPLICIT ] CREATE CONSTRAINT TRIGGER nombre
AFTER evento [ OR ... ]
ON nombre_tabla
[ FROM nombre_tabla_referenciada ]
{ NOT DEFERRABLE | [ DEFERRABLE ] { INITIALLY IMMEDIATE | INITIALLY DEFERRED } }
FOR EACH ROW
EXECUTE PROCEDURE nombre_función ( argumentos ) CREATE DATABASE nombre
[ [ WITH ] [ OWNER [=] dueño_db ]
[ TEMPLATE [=] plantilla ]
[ ENCODING [=] codificación ]
[ LC_COLLATE [=] lc_collate ]
[ LC_CTYPE [=] lc_ctype ]
[ TABLESPACE [=] tablespace ]
[ CONNECTION LIMIT [=] límite_conexión ] ] CREATE DOMAIN nombre [AS] tipo_de_dato
[ DEFAULT expresión ]
[ restricción [ ... ] ]
donde restricción es:
[ CONSTRAINT nombre_restricción ]
{ NOT NULL | NULL | CHECK (expresión) } CREATE FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER nombre
[ VALIDATOR función_validadora | NO VALIDATOR ]
[ OPTIONS ( opción 'valor' [, ... ] ) ] CREATE GROUP nombre [ [ WITH ] opción [ ... ] ]
donde opción puede ser:
SUPERUSER | NOSUPERUSER
| CREATEDB | NOCREATEDB
| CREATEROLE | NOCREATEROLE
| CREATEUSER | NOCREATEUSER
| INHERIT | NOINHERIT
| LOGIN | NOLOGIN
| [ ENCRYPTED | UNENCRYPTED ] PASSWORD 'contraseña'
| VALID UNTIL 'timestamp'
| IN ROLE nombre_rol [, ...]
| IN GROUP nombre_rol [, ...]
| ROLE nombre_rol [, ...]
| ADMIN nombre_rol [, ...]
| USER nombre_rol [, ...]
| SYSID uid CREATE OPERATOR CLASS nombre [ DEFAULT ] FOR TYPE tipo_de_dato
USING método_de_índice [ FAMILY nombre_familia ] AS
{ OPERATOR número_estrategia nombre_operador [ ( tipo_op, tipo_op ) ]
| FUNCTION número_soporte [ ( tipo_op [ , tipo_op ] ) ] nombre_func ( tipo_arg [, ...] )
| STORAGE tipo_almacenamiento
} [, ... ] CREATE OPERATOR FAMILY nombre USING método_de_índice CREATE OPERATOR nombre (
PROCEDURE = nombre_función
[, LEFTARG = tipo_izq ] [, RIGHTARG = tipo_der ]
[, COMMUTATOR = op_conm ] [, NEGATOR = op_neg ]
[, RESTRICT = proc_res ] [, JOIN = proc_join ]
[, HASHES ] [, MERGES ]
) CREATE ROLE nombre [ [ WITH ] opción [ ... ] ]
donde opción puede ser:
SUPERUSER | NOSUPERUSER
| CREATEDB | NOCREATEDB
| CREATEROLE | NOCREATEROLE
| CREATEUSER | NOCREATEUSER
| INHERIT | NOINHERIT
| LOGIN | NOLOGIN
| CONNECTION LIMIT connlimit
| [ ENCRYPTED | UNENCRYPTED ] PASSWORD 'contraseña'
| VALID UNTIL 'timestamp'
| IN ROLE nombre_de_rol [, ...]
| IN GROUP nombre_de_rol [, ...]
| ROLE nombre_de_rol [, ...]
| ADMIN nombre_de_rol [, ...]
| USER nombre_de_rol [, ...]
| SYSID uid CREATE SCHEMA schemaname [ AUTHORIZATION username ] [ schema_element [ ... ] ]
CREATE SCHEMA AUTHORIZATION username [ schema_element [ ... ] ] CREATE SERVER nombre [ TYPE 'tipo_servidor' ] [ VERSION 'versión_servidor' ]
FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER nombre_fdw
[ OPTIONS ( opción 'valor' [, ... ] ) ] CREATE TABLESPACE tablespacename [ OWNER username ] LOCATION 'directory' CREATE TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION nombre (
PARSER = nombre_analizador |
COPY = configuración_origen
) CREATE TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY nombre (
TEMPLATE = plantilla
[, opción = valor [, ... ]]
) CREATE TEXT SEARCH PARSER nombre (
START = función_inicio ,
GETTOKEN = función_obtener_elemento ,
END = función_término ,
LEXTYPES = funcion_lextypes
[, HEADLINE = función_headline ]
) CREATE TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE nombre (
[ INIT = función_inicialización , ]
LEXIZE = función_análisis_léxico
) CREATE TRIGGER name { BEFORE | AFTER } { event [ OR ... ] }
ON table [ FOR [ EACH ] { ROW | STATEMENT } ]
EXECUTE PROCEDURE funcname ( arguments ) CREATE TYPE name AS
( nombre_atributo tipo_dato [, ... ] )
CREATE TYPE nombre AS ENUM
( 'etiqueta', [, ... ] )
CREATE TYPE nombre (
INPUT = función_entrada,
OUTPUT = función_salida
[ , RECEIVE = función_recepción ]
[ , SEND = función_envío ]
[ , TYPMOD_IN = función_de_entrada_del_modificador ]
[ , TYPMOD_OUT = función_de_salida_del_modificador ]
[ , ANALYZE = función_de_análisis ]
[ , INTERNALLENGTH = { largo_interno | VARIABLE } ]
[ , PASSEDBYVALUE ]
[ , ALIGNMENT = alineamiento ]
[ , STORAGE = almacenamiento ]
[ , LIKE = tipo_similar ]
[ , CATEGORY = categoría ]
[ , PREFERRED = preferido ]
[ , DEFAULT = valor_por_omisión ]
[ , ELEMENT = elemento ]
[ , DELIMITER = delimitador ]
)
CREATE TYPE name CREATE USER MAPPING FOR { nombre_usuario | USER | CURRENT_USER | PUBLIC }
SERVER nombre_servidor
[ OPTIONS ( opción 'valor' [ , ... ] ) ] CREATE USER nombre [ [ WITH ] opción [ ... ] ]
donde opción puede ser:
SUPERUSER | NOSUPERUSER
| CREATEDB | NOCREATEDB
| CREATEROLE | NOCREATEROLE
| CREATEUSER | NOCREATEUSER
| INHERIT | NOINHERIT
| LOGIN | NOLOGIN
| CONNECTION LIMIT límite_conex
| [ ENCRYPTED | UNENCRYPTED ] PASSWORD 'contraseña'
| VALID UNTIL 'timestamp'
| IN ROLE nombre_rol [, ...]
| IN GROUP nombre_rol [, ...]
| ROLE nombre_rol [, ...]
| ADMIN nombre_rol [, ...]
| USER nombre_rol [, ...]
| SYSID uid CREATE [DEFAULT] CONVERSION nombre
FOR codificación_origen TO codificación_destino FROM nombre_función CREATE [ OR REPLACE ] FUNCTION
nombre ( [ [ mode_arg ] [ nombre_arg ] tipo_arg [ { DEFAULT | = } expr_def ] [, ...] ] )
[ RETURNS tipo_retorno ]
| RETURNS TABLE ( nombre_col tipo_col [, ...] ) ]
{ LANGUAGE nombre_lenguaje
| IMMUTABLE | STABLE | VOLATILE
| CALLED ON NULL INPUT | RETURNS NULL ON NULL INPUT | STRICT
| [ EXTERNAL ] SECURITY INVOKER | [ EXTERNAL ] SECURITY DEFINER
| COST costo_ejecución
| ROWS núm_filas_resultado
| SET parámetro_configuración { TO valor | = valor | FROM CURRENT }
| AS 'definición'
| AS 'archivo_objeto', 'símbolo_link'
} ...
[ WITH ( atributo [, ...] ) ] CREATE [ OR REPLACE ] RULE name AS ON event
TO table [ WHERE condition ]
DO [ ALSO | INSTEAD ] { NOTHING | command | ( command ; command ... ) } CREATE [ OR REPLACE ] [ TEMP | TEMPORARY ] VIEW nombre [ ( nombre_columna [, ...] ) ]
AS consulta CREATE [ PROCEDURAL ] LANGUAGE nombre
CREATE [ TRUSTED ] [ PROCEDURAL ] LANGUAGE nombre
HANDLER call_handler [ VALIDATOR función_validadora ] CREATE [ TEMPORARY | TEMP ] SEQUENCE name [ INCREMENT [ BY ] increment ]
[ MINVALUE minvalue | NO MINVALUE ] [ MAXVALUE maxvalue | NO MAXVALUE ]
[ START [ WITH ] start ] [ CACHE cache ] [ [ NO ] CYCLE ] [ OWNED BY { tabla.columna | NONE } ] CREATE [ UNIQUE ] INDEX [ CONCURRENTLY ] nombre ON tabla [ USING método ]
( { columna | ( expresión ) } [ clase_de_ops ] [ASC | DESC ]
[ NULLS { FIRST | LAST } ] [, ...] )
[ WITH ( parámetro_de_almacenamiento = valor [, ...] )
[ TABLESPACE tablespace ]
[ WHERE predicado ] CREATE [ [ GLOBAL | LOCAL ] { TEMPORARY | TEMP } ] TABLE nombre_tabla
[ (nombre_columna [, ...] ) ]
[ WITH (parámetro_de_almacenamiento [= valor] [, ... ]) | WITH OIDS | WITHOUT OIDS ]
[ ON COMMIT { PRESERVE ROWS | DELETE ROWS | DROP } ]
[ TABLESPACE tablespace ]
AS consulta
[ WITH [ NO ] DATA ] CREATE [ [ GLOBAL | LOCAL ] { TEMPORARY | TEMP } ] TABLE nombre_tabla ( [
{ nombre_columna tipo_dato [ DEFAULT expr_default ] [ restricción_columna [ ... ] ]
| restricción_tabla
| LIKE tabla_padre [ { INCLUDING | EXCLUDING } { DEFAULTS | CONSTRAINTS | INDEXES } ] ... }
[, ... ]
] )
[ INHERITS ( tabla_padre [, ... ] ) ]
[ WITH ( parámetro_de_almacenamiento [= valor] [, ... ] ) | WITH OIDS | WITHOUT OIDS ]
[ ON COMMIT { PRESERVE ROWS | DELETE ROWS | DROP } ]
[ TABLESPACE tablespace ]
donde restricción_columna es:
[ CONSTRAINT nombre_restricción ]
{ NOT NULL |
NULL |
UNIQUE parámetros_de_índice |
PRIMARY KEY parámetros_de_índice |
CHECK ( expresión ) |
REFERENCES tabla_referencia [ ( columna_referencia ) ] [ MATCH FULL | MATCH PARTIAL | MATCH SIMPLE ]
[ ON DELETE acción ] [ ON UPDATE acción ] }
[ DEFERRABLE | NOT DEFERRABLE ] [ INITIALLY DEFERRED | INITIALLY IMMEDIATE ]
y restricción_tabla es:
[ CONSTRAINT nombre_restricción ]
{ UNIQUE ( nombre_columna [, ... ] ) parámetros_de_índice |
PRIMARY KEY ( nombre_columna [, ... ] ) parámetros_de_índice |
CHECK ( expresión ) |
FOREIGN KEY ( nombre_columna [, ... ] ) REFERENCES tabla_referencia [ ( columna_referencia [, ... ] ) ]
[ MATCH FULL | MATCH PARTIAL | MATCH SIMPLE ] [ ON DELETE acción ] [ ON UPDATE acción ] }
[ DEFERRABLE | NOT DEFERRABLE ] [ INITIALLY DEFERRED | INITIALLY IMMEDIATE ]
parámetros_de_índice en restricciones UNIQUE y PRIMARY KEY son:
[ WITH ( parámetro_de_almacenamiento [= valor] [, ...] ) ]
[ USING INDEX TABLESPACE tablespace ] No se puede agregar una celda al contenido de la tabla: la cantidad de celdas de %d ha sido excedida.
No se puede agregar un encabezado al contenido de la tabla: la cantidad de columnas de %d ha sido excedida.
No puede conectarse Check Restricciones CHECK: Collation Columna Privilegios de acceso a columnas Orden: %s
Descripción: %s
Sintaxis:
%s
Tipo compuesto «%s.%s» Conexiones
Crear BD Crear rol Ctype DEALLOCATE [ PREPARE ] { nombre | ALL } DECLARE name [ BINARY ] [ INSENSITIVE ] [ [ NO ] SCROLL ]
CURSOR [ { WITH | WITHOUT } HOLD ] FOR query DELETE FROM [ ONLY ] tabla [ * ] [ [ AS ] alias ]
[ USING lista_using ]
[ WHERE condición | WHERE CURRENT OF nombre_cursor ]
[ RETURNING * | expresión_de_salida [ [ AS ] nombre_de_salida ] [, ...] ] DISCARD { ALL | PLANS | TEMPORARY | TEMP } DROP AGGREGATE [ IF EXISTS ] nombre ( tipo [, ... ] ) [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP CAST [ IF EXISTS ] (tipo_origen AS tipo_destino) [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP CONVERSION [ IF EXISTS ] nombre [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP DATABASE [ IF EXISTS ] nombre DROP DOMAIN [ IF EXISTS ] nombre [, ...] [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER [ IF EXISTS ] nombre [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP FUNCTION [ IF EXISTS ] nombre ( [ [ mode_arg ] [ nombre_arg ] tipo_arg [, ...] ] )
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP GROUP [ IF EXISTS ] nombre [, ...] DROP INDEX [ IF EXISTS ] nombre [, ...] [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP OPERATOR CLASS [ IF EXISTS ] nombre USING método_de_índice [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP OPERATOR FAMILY [ IF EXISTS ] nombre USING método_de_índice [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP OPERATOR [ IF EXISTS ] nombre ( { tipo_izquierdo | NONE } ,
{ tipo_derecho | NONE } ) [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP OWNED BY nombre [, ...] [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP ROLE [ IF EXISTS ] nombre [, ...] DROP RULE [ IF EXISTS ] nombre ON relación [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP SCHEMA [ IF EXISTS ] nombre [, ...] [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP SEQUENCE [ IF EXISTS ] nombre [, ...] [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP SERVER [ IF EXISTS ] nombre [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP TABLE [ IF EXISTS ] nombre [, ...] [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP TABLESPACE [ IF EXISTS ] nombre_tablespace DROP TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION [ IF EXISTS ] nombre [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY [ IF EXISTS ] nombre [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP TEXT SEARCH PARSER [ IF EXISTS ] nombre [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE [ IF EXISTS ] nombre [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP TRIGGER [ IF EXISTS ] nombre ON tabla [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP TYPE [ IF EXISTS ] nombre [, ...] [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP USER MAPPING [ IF EXISTS ] FOR { nombre_usuario | USER | CURRENT_USER | PUBLIC } SERVER nombre_servidor DROP USER [ IF EXISTS ] nombre [, ...] DROP VIEW [ IF EXISTS ] nombre [, ...] [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] DROP [ PROCEDURAL ] LANGUAGE [ IF EXISTS ] nombre [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] El pie de página por omisión está desactivado. El pie por omisión está activo. Por omisión? Descripción Destino Diccionarios No se encontró relación llamada «%s».
No se encontró relación con OID %s.
No se encontró una configuración de búsqueda en texto llamada «%s».
No se encontró ningún analizador de búsqueda en texto llamado «%s».
Reglas deshabilitadas: Disparadores deshabilitados: END [ WORK | TRANSACTION ] EXECUTE nombre [ ( parámetro [, ...] ) ] EXPLAIN [ ANALYZE ] [ VERBOSE ] statement Elementos Codificación Fin de parse Ingrese los datos a ser copiados seguidos de un fin de línea.
Termine con un backslash y un punto. Ingrésela nuevamente: Ingrese la nueva contraseña: Se ha desactivado el despliegue expandido.
Se ha activado el despliegue expandido.
FETCH [ direction { FROM | IN } ] cursorname
where direction can be empty or one of:
NEXT
PRIOR
FIRST
LAST
ABSOLUTE count
RELATIVE count
count
ALL
FORWARD
FORWARD count
FORWARD ALL
BACKWARD
BACKWARD count
BACKWARD ALL falló.
El separador de campos es «%s».
Conectores de datos externos Restricciones de llave foránea: Formato
Función GRANT { { SELECT | INSERT | UPDATE | DELETE | TRUNCATE | REFERENCES | TRIGGER }
[,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON [ TABLE ] nombre_tabla [, ...]
TO { [ GROUP ] nombre_rol | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
GRANT { { SELECT | INSERT | UPDATE | REFERENCES } ( columna [, ...] )
[,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] ( columna [, ...] ) }
ON [ TABLE ] nombre_tabla [, ...]
TO { [ GROUP ] nombre_rol | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
GRANT { { USAGE | SELECT | UPDATE }
[,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON SEQUENCE nombre_secuencia [, ...]
TO { [ GROUP ] nombre_rol | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
GRANT { { CREATE | CONNECT | TEMPORARY | TEMP } [,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON DATABASE nombre_bd [, ...]
TO { [ GROUP ] nombre_rol | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
GRANT { USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER nombre_fdw [, ...]
TO { [ GROUP ] nombre_rol | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
GRANT { USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON FOREIGN SERVER nombre_servidor [, ...]
TO { [ GROUP ] nombre_rol | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
GRANT { EXECUTE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON FUNCTION nombre_función ( [ [ modo_arg ] [ nombre_arg ] tipo_arg [, ...] ] ) [, ...]
TO { [ GROUP ] nombre_rol | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
GRANT { USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON LANGUAGE nombre_lenguaje [, ...]
TO { [ GROUP ] nombre_rol | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
GRANT { { CREATE | USAGE } [,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON SCHEMA nombre_esquema [, ...]
TO { [ GROUP ] nombre_rol | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
GRANT { CREATE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON TABLESPACE nombre_tablespace [, ...]
TO { [ GROUP ] nombre_rol | PUBLIC } [, ...] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
GRANT rol [, ...] TO nombre_rol [, ...] [ WITH ADMIN OPTION ] General
Opciones generales:
Obtener encabezado Obtener siguiente elemento Obtener tipos de elemento Tiene OIDs ID INSERT INTO tabla [ ( columna [, ...] ) ]
{ DEFAULT VALUES | VALUES ( { expresión | DEFAULT } [, ...] ) [, ...] | consulta }
[ RETURNING * | expresión_de_salida [ [ AS ] nombre_de_salida ] [, ...] ] Implícito? Índice «%s.%s» Índices: Informativo
Hereda Inicializador Opciones de inicialización Entrada/Salida
Nombre interno Interrumpido
Orden \%s no válida. Use \? para obtener ayuda.
LISTEN nombre LOAD 'archivo' LOCK [ TABLE ] [ ONLY ] nombre [ * ] [, ...] [ IN modo_bloqueo MODE ] [ NOWAIT ]
donde modo_bloqueo es uno de:
ACCESS SHARE | ROW SHARE | ROW EXCLUSIVE | SHARE UPDATE EXCLUSIVE
| SHARE | SHARE ROW EXCLUSIVE | EXCLUSIVE | ACCESS EXCLUSIVE Lenguaje Objetos Grandes
Objetos grandes Tipo arg izq Fn. análisis léx. Listado de funciones de agregación Listado de conversiones de tipo (casts) Listado de conversiones Listado de tipos de dato Listado de base de datos Listado de dominios Listado de servidores foráneos Listado de conectores de datos externos Listado de funciones Listado de operadores Listado de relaciones Lista de roles Listado de esquemas Listado de tablespaces Listado de configuraciones de búsqueda en texto Listado de diccionarios de búsqueda en texto Listado de analizadores de búsqueda en texto Listado de plantillas de búsqueda en texto Listado de mapeos de usuario La salida numérica ajustada localmente está deshabilitada. Ubicación MOVE [ direction { FROM | IN } ] cursorname Miembro de Método Modificador Modificadores NOTIFY name Nombre Sin cambios Ninguna conexión No hay ayuda disponible para «%-.*s».
Pruebe \h sin argumentos para mostrar los elementos de ayuda disponibles.
Sin herencia No se encontraron relaciones coincidentes.
No se encontraron relaciones.
Despliegue de nulos es «%s».
Objeto Descripciones de objetos Sistema Operativo
Opciones El formato de salida es %s.
Dueño PREPARE TRANSACTION id_de_transacción PREPARE nombre [ ( tipo_de_datos [, ...] ) ] AS sentencia El paginador se usará siempre. El paginador se usará para salida larga. El paginador no se usará. El cifrado de la contraseña falló.
Contraseña para usuario %s: Contraseña: Las constraseñas no coinciden.
Se ha mantenido la conexión anterior
Búfer de consulta
El búfer de consulta está vacío. El búfer de consulta ha sido reiniciado (limpiado). REASSIGN OWNED BY rol_anterior [, ...] TO nuevo_rol REINDEX { INDEX | TABLE | DATABASE | SYSTEM } nombre [ FORCE ] RELEASE [ SAVEPOINT ] savepoint_name RESET parámetro_de_configuración
RESET ALL REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ { SELECT | INSERT | UPDATE | DELETE | TRUNCATE | REFERENCES | TRIGGER }
[,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON [ TABLE ] nombre_tabla [, ...]
FROM { [ GROUP ] nombre_rol | PUBLIC } [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ { SELECT | INSERT | UPDATE | REFERENCES } ( columna [, ...] )
[,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] ( columna [, ...] ) }
ON [ TABLE ] nombre_tabla [, ...]
FROM { [ GROUP ] nombre_rol | PUBLIC } [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ { USAGE | SELECT | UPDATE }
[,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON SEQUENCE nombre_secuencia [, ...]
FROM { [ GROUP ] nombre_rol | PUBLIC } [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ { CREATE | CONNECT | TEMPORARY | TEMP } [,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON DATABASE nombre_bd [, ...]
FROM { [ GROUP ] nombre_rol | PUBLIC } [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER nombre_fdw [, ...]
FROM { [ GROUP ] nombre_rol | PUBLIC } [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON FOREIGN SERVER nombre_servidor [, ...]
FROM { [ GROUP ] nombre_rol | PUBLIC } [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ EXECUTE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON FUNCTION nombre_función ( [ [ modo_arg ] [ nombre_arg ] tipo_arg [, ...] ] ) [, ...]
FROM { [ GROUP ] nombre_rol | PUBLIC } [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON LANGUAGE nombre_lenguaje [, ...]
FROM { [ GROUP ] nombre_rol | PUBLIC } [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ { CREATE | USAGE } [,...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON SCHEMA nombre_esquema [, ...]
FROM { [ GROUP ] nombre_rol | PUBLIC } [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
{ CREATE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
ON TABLESPACE nombre_tablespace [, ...]
FROM { [ GROUP ] nombre_rol | PUBLIC } [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
REVOKE [ ADMIN OPTION FOR ]
rol [, ...] FROM nombre_rol [, ...]
[ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] ROLLBACK PREPARED id_de_transacción ROLLBACK [ WORK | TRANSACTION ] ROLLBACK [ WORK | TRANSACTION ] TO [ SAVEPOINT ] savepoint_name El separador de filas es «%s».
El separador de filas es . Referenciada por: Reporte errores a .
Tipo de dato de salida Tipo resultado Tipo arg der Nombre de rol Reglas que se activan siempre: Reglas que se activan sólo en las réplicas: Reglas: SAVEPOINT savepoint_name SET CONSTRAINTS { ALL | name [, ...] } { DEFERRED | IMMEDIATE } SET TRANSACTION transaction_mode [, ...]
SET SESSION CHARACTERISTICS AS TRANSACTION transaction_mode [, ...]
donde transaction_mode es uno de:
ISOLATION LEVEL { SERIALIZABLE | REPEATABLE READ | READ COMMITTED | READ UNCOMMITTED }
READ WRITE | READ ONLY SET [ SESSION | LOCAL ] ROLE nombre del rol
SET [ SESSION | LOCAL ] ROLE NONE
RESET ROLE SET [ SESSION | LOCAL ] SESSION AUTHORIZATION username
SET [ SESSION | LOCAL ] SESSION AUTHORIZATION DEFAULT
RESET SESSION AUTHORIZATION SET [ SESSION | LOCAL ] parámetro_de_configuración
{ TO | = } { valor | 'valor' | DEFAULT }
SET [ SESSION | LOCAL ] TIME ZONE { huso_horario | LOCAL | DEFAULT } SHOW name
SHOW ALL conexión SSL (cifrado: %s, bits: %i)
conexión SSL (cifrado desconocido)
START TRANSACTION [ transaction_mode [, ...] ]
donde transaction_mode es uno de:
ISOLATION LEVEL { SERIALIZABLE | REPEATABLE READ | READ COMMITTED | READ UNCOMMITTED }
READ WRITE | READ ONLY Esquema Secuencia «%s.%s» Servidor Mostrando salida numérica ajustada localmente Mostrando sólo filas. Tamaño Fuente Código fuente Tipo fuente Relación especial «%s.%s» Inicio de parse Almacenamiento con éxito.
Superusuario Tabla TOAST «%s.%s» TRUNCATE [ TABLE ] [ ONLY ] nombre [ * ] [, ... ]
[ RESTART IDENTITY | CONTINUE IDENTITY ] [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ] Tabla Tabla «%s.%s» Los atributos de tabla son «%s».
Los atributos de tabla han sido indefinidos.
Tablespace Tablespace: «%s» Tipo destino El ancho para el formato «wrapped» es %d.
Plantilla Configuración de búsqueda en texto «%s» Configuración de búsqueda en texto «%s.%s» Analizador de búsqueda en texto «%s» Analizador de búsqueda en texto «%s.%s» La conexión al servidor se ha perdido. Intentando reiniciar: El servidor (versión %d.%d) no soporta la edición del código fuente de funciones.
El servidor (versión %d.%d) no soporta servidores foráneos.
El servidor (versión %d.%d) no soporta conectores de datos externos.
El servidor (versión %d.%d) no soporta búsqueda en texto.
El servidor (versión %d.%d) no soporta savepoints para ON_ERROR_ROLLBACK.
El servidor (versión %d.%d) no soporta tablespaces.
El servidor (versión %d.%d) no soporta mapeos de usuario.
Duración: %.3f ms
El despliegue de duración está desactivado. El despliegue de duración está activado. El título es «%s».
El título ha sido indefinido.
Elemento Nombre de elemento Tipos de elemento para el analizador «%s» Tipos de elemento para el analizador «%s.%s» Disparadores que siempre se ejecutan: Disparadores que se ejecutan sólo en las réplicas: Triggers: Use «%s --help» para obtener más información.
Mostrar sólo filas está desactivado. Tipo Digite «help» para obtener ayuda.
Digite: \copyright para ver los términos de distribución
\h para ayuda de órdenes SQL
\? para ayuda de órdenes psql
\g o punto y coma («;») para ejecutar la consulta
\q para salir
UNLISTEN { name | * } UPDATE [ ONLY ] tabla [ * ] [ [ AS ] alias ]
SET { columna = { expresión | DEFAULT } |
( columna [, ...] ) = ( { expresión | DEFAULT } [, ...] ) } [, ...]
[ FROM lista_from ]
[ WHERE condición | WHERE CURRENT OF nombre_cursor ]
[ RETURNING * | expresión_de_salida [ [ AS ] nombre_de_salida ] [, ...] ] Empleo:
Use "\q" para salir de %s.
Nombre de usuario VACUUM [ FULL ] [ FREEZE ] [ VERBOSE ] [ table ]
VACUUM [ FULL ] [ FREEZE ] [ VERBOSE ] ANALYZE [ table [ (column [, ...] ) ] ] VALUES ( expresión [, ...] ) [, ...]
[ ORDER BY expresión_de_orden [ ASC | DESC | USING operador ] [, ...] ]
[ LIMIT { cuenta | ALL } ]
[ OFFSET inicio ]
[ FETCH { FIRST | NEXT } [ cuánto ] { ROW | ROWS } ONLY ] Validador Valor Variables
Versión Vista «%s.%s» Definición de vista: Volatilidad ADVERTENCIA: %s versión %d.%d, servidor versión %d.%d.
Algunas características de psql pueden no funcionar.
ADVERTENCIA: El código de página de la consola (%u) difiere del código
de página de Windows (%u).
Los caracteres de 8 bits pueden funcionar incorrectamente.
Vea la página de referencia de psql «Notes for Windows users»
para obtener más detalles.
Se escribió la historia en el archivo "%s/%s".
No está conectado a una base de datos.
Ahora está conectado a la base de datos «%s» Está usando psql, la interfaz de línea de órdenes de PostgreSQL. [ WITH [ RECURSIVE ] consulta_with [, ...] ]
SELECT [ ALL | DISTINCT [ ON ( expresión [, ...] ) ] ]
* | expresión [ AS nombre_salida ] [, ...]
INTO [ TEMPORARY | TEMP ] [ TABLE ] nueva_tabla
[ FROM item_from [, ...] ]
[ WHERE condición ]
[ GROUP BY expresión [, ...] ]
[ HAVING condición [, ...] ]
[ WINDOW nombre_window AS ( definición_de_window ) [, ...] ]
[ { UNION | INTERSECT | EXCEPT } [ ALL ] select ]
[ ORDER BY expresión [ ASC | DESC | USING operador ] [ NULLS { FIRST | LAST } ] [, ...] ]
[ LIMIT { cantidad | ALL } ]
[ OFFSET inicio [ ROW | ROWS ] ]
[ FETCH { FIRST | NEXT } [ cantidad ] { ROW | ROWS } ONLY ]
[ FOR { UPDATE | SHARE } [ OF nombre_tabla [, ...] ] [ NOWAIT ] [...] ] [ WITH [ RECURSIVE ] consulta_with [, ...] ]
SELECT [ ALL | DISTINCT [ ON ( expresión [, ...] ) ] ]
* | expresión [ AS nombre_salida ] [, ...]
[ FROM item_from [, ...] ]
[ WHERE condición ]
[ GROUP BY expresión [, ...] ]
[ HAVING condición [, ...] ]
[ WINDOW nombre_window AS ( definición_window ) [, ...] ]
[ { UNION | INTERSECT | EXCEPT } [ ALL ] select ]
[ ORDER BY expresión [ ASC | DESC | USING operador ] [ NULLS { FIRST | LAST } ] [, ...] ]
[ LIMIT { cantidad | ALL } ]
[ OFFSET inicio ]
[ FETCH { FIRST | NEXT } [ cantidad ] { ROW | ROWS } ONLY ]
[ FOR { UPDATE | SHARE } [ OF nombre_tabla [, ...] ] [ NOWAIT ] [...] ]
donde item_from puede ser uno de:
[ ONLY ] nombre_tabla [ * ] [ [ AS ] alias [ ( alias_columna [, ...] ) ] ]
( select ) [ AS ] alias [ ( alias_columna [, ...] ) ]
nombre_consulta_with [ [ AS ] alias [ ( column_alias [, ...] ) ] ]
nombre_función ( [ argumento [, ...] ] ) [ AS ] alias [ ( alias_columna [, ...] | definición_columna [, ...] ) ]
nombre_función ( [ argumento [, ...] ] ) AS ( definición_columna [, ...] )
item_from [ NATURAL ] tipo_join item_from [ ON condición_join | USING ( columna_join [, ...] ) ]
y consulta_with es:
nombre_consulta_with [ ( nombre_columna [, ...] ) ] AS ( consulta )
TABLE { [ ONLY ] nombre_tabla [ * ] | nombre_consulta_with } \!: falló
\%s: no se pudo cambiar directorio a «%s»: %s
\%s: error
\%s: argumento extra «%s» ignorado
\%s: falta argumento requerido
\connect: %s \copy: %s \copy: argumentos requeridos
\copy: error de procesamiento en «%s»
\copy: error de procesamiento al final de la línea
\copy: respuesta inesperada (%d)
\df no acepta la opción «w» en un servidor versión %d.%d
\df sólo acepta las opciones [antwS+]
\pset: formatos permitidos son unaligned, aligned, wrapped, html, latex, troff-ms
\pset: opción desconocida: %s
aborta la transacción en curso se abortó por un error de lectura agg función de agregación cancela una transacción que fue previamente preparada para two-phase commit. cancelada por el usuario no se puede ubicar el directorio temporal: %s
cambia una base de datos cambia un rol de la base de datos cambia un parámetro de configuración cambiar nombre del rol o membresía cambia la definición de una conversión cambia la definición de un dominio cambia la definición de un servidor foráneo cambia la definición de un conector de datos externos cambia la definición de una función cambia la definición de un lenguaje procedural cambia la definición de un esquema cambia la definición de un generador secuencial cambia la definición de una tabla cambia la definición de un tablespace cambia la definición de una configuración de búsqueda en texto cambia la definición de un diccionario de búsqueda en texto cambia la definición de un analizador de búsqueda en texto cambia la definición de una plantilla de búsqueda en texto cambia la definición de un disparador cambia la definición de un tipo cambia la definición de un mapeo de usuario cambia la definición de una vista cambia la definición de una función de agregación cambia la definición de un índice cambia la definición de un operador cambia la definición de una clase de operadores cambia la definición de una familia de operadores cambia de dueño a los objetos de propiedad de un rol de la base de datos el proceso hijo terminó con código de salida %d el proceso hijo terminó con código no reconocido %d el proceso hijo fue terminado por una excepción 0x%X el proceso hijo fue terminado por una señal %d el proceso hijo fue terminado por una señal %s cierra un cursor reordena una tabla siguiendo un índice recolecta estadísticas sobre una base de datos confirma una transacción que fue preparada para two-phase commit compromete la transacción en curso calcula un conjunto de registros se ha perdido la conexión al servidor
incluye soporte para edición de línea de órdenes copia datos entre un archivo y una tabla no se pudo cambiar el directorio a «%s» no se pudo encontrar un «%s» para ejecutar no se pudo obtener el nombre de usuario actual: %s
No se ha podido obtener directorio home: %s
no se pudo identificar el directorio actual: %s no se pudo abrir archivo temporal «%s»: %s
no se pudo leer el enlace binario «%s» no se pudo leer el archivo de entrada: %s
no se pudo leer el enlace simbólico «%s» no se pudo guardar historial a archivo «%s»: %s
no se pudo iniciar /bin/sh
no se pudo iniciar el editor «%s»
no se pudo escribir datos COPY: %s
crea una nueva base de datos crea nuevas filas en una tabla tipo de dato elimina una sentencia preparada valor por omisión %s define un nuevo cursor define una nueva función de agregación define una nueva conversión de tipo define un nuevo disparador de restricción define un nuevo tipo de datos define un nuevo rol de la base de datos define un nuevo dominio define una nueva conversión de codificación define un nuevo servidor foráneo define un nuevo conector de datos externos define una nueva función define un nuevo índice define un nuevo mapa de usuario a servidor foráneo define un nuevo operador define una nueva clase de operadores define una nueva familia de operadores define un nuevo lenguaje procedural define una nueva regla de reescritura define un nuevo savepoint en la transacción en curso define un nuevo schema define un nuevo generador secuencial define una nueva tabla crea una nueva tabla usando los resultados de una consulta define un nuevo tablespace define una nueva configuración de búsqueda en texto define un nuevo diccionario de búsqueda en texto define un nuevo analizador de búsqueda en texto define una nueva plantilla de búsqueda en texto define un nuevo disparador define una nueva vista define privilegios de acceso define o cambia un comentario sobre un objeto elimina filas de una tabla destruye un savepoint previamente definido descartar datos de la sesión vacía una tabla o conjunto de tablas ejecuta una sentencia preparada de tabla «%s.%s» fuerza un checkpoint del registro de transacciones función recolecta basura y opcionalmente estadísticas sobre una base de datos genera una notificación el historial de órdenes no está soportado en esta instalación
inmutable en asignación índice el binario «%s» no es válido orden \%s no válida
formato de salida no válido (error interno): %d escucha notificaciones carga un archivo de biblioteca compartida socket local bloquea una tabla no no hay búfer de consulta
normal not null desactivado activado operador memoria agotada
reposiciona un cursor prepara una sentencia para ejecución prepara la transacción actual para two-phase commit llave primaria, psql es el terminal interactivo de PostgreSQL.
reconstruye índices elimina una conversión de tipo elimina una conversión de codificación elimina un tipo de datos elimina una base de datos elimina un rol de base de datos elimina un dominio elimina un descriptor de servidor foráneo elimina un conector de datos externos elimina una función elimina un lenguaje procedural elimina una regla de reescritura elimina un schema elimina un generador secuencial elimina una tabla elimina un tablespace elimina una configuración de búsqueda en texto elimina un diccionario de búsqueda en texto elimina un analizador de búsqueda en texto elimina una plantilla de búsqueda en texto elimina un disparador elimina un mapeo de usuario para un servidor remoto elimina una vista revoca privilegios de acceso elimina una función de agregación elimina un índice elimina un operador elimina una clase de operadores elimina una familia de operadores elimina objetos de propiedad de un rol de la base de datos restaura el valor de un parámetro de configuración al valor inicial recupera filas de una consulta usando un cursor recupera filas desde una tabla o vista descartar hacia un savepoint regla secuencia define el modo de verificación de las restricciones
de la transacción en curso define las características de la transacción en curso define el identificador de usuario actual de la sesión actual define el identificador del usuario de sesión y el identificador
del usuario actual de la sesión en curso muestra el plan de ejecución de una sentencia muestra el valor de un parámetro de configuración especial estable inicia un bloque de transacción deja de escuchar una notificación tabla disparador tratando de salir del modo copy único, actualiza filas de una tabla vista volátil ventana sí