# File/Copy.pm. Written in 1994 by Aaron Sherman . This
# source code has been placed in the public domain by the author.
# Please be kind and preserve the documentation.
#
# Additions copyright 1996 by Charles Bailey. Permission is granted
# to distribute the revised code under the same terms as Perl itself.
package File::Copy;
use 5.006;
use strict;
use warnings;
use File::Spec;
use Config;
# During perl build, we need File::Copy but Fcntl might not be built yet
# *** not needed for 2.14, only 2.15
# *** my $Fcntl_loaded = eval q{ use Fcntl qw [O_CREAT O_WRONLY O_TRUNC]; 1 };
# Similarly Scalar::Util
# And then we need these games to avoid loading overload, as that will
# confuse miniperl during the bootstrap of perl.
my $Scalar_Util_loaded = eval q{ require Scalar::Util; require overload; 1 };
our(@ISA, @EXPORT, @EXPORT_OK, $VERSION, $Too_Big, $Syscopy_is_copy);
sub copy;
sub syscopy;
sub cp;
sub mv;
$VERSION = '2.14';
require Exporter;
@ISA = qw(Exporter);
@EXPORT = qw(copy move);
@EXPORT_OK = qw(cp mv);
$Too_Big = 1024 * 1024 * 2;
sub croak {
require Carp;
goto &Carp::croak;
}
sub carp {
require Carp;
goto &Carp::carp;
}
my $macfiles;
if ($^O eq 'MacOS') {
$macfiles = eval { require Mac::MoreFiles };
warn 'Mac::MoreFiles could not be loaded; using non-native syscopy'
if $@ && $^W;
}
sub _catname {
my($from, $to) = @_;
if (not defined &basename) {
require File::Basename;
import File::Basename 'basename';
}
if ($^O eq 'MacOS') {
# a partial dir name that's valid only in the cwd (e.g. 'tmp')
$to = ':' . $to if $to !~ /:/;
}
return File::Spec->catfile($to, basename($from));
}
# _eq($from, $to) tells whether $from and $to are identical
sub _eq {
my ($from, $to) = map {
$Scalar_Util_loaded && Scalar::Util::blessed($_)
&& overload::Method($_, q{""})
? "$_"
: $_
} (@_);
return '' if ( (ref $from) xor (ref $to) );
return $from == $to if ref $from;
return $from eq $to;
}
sub copy {
croak("Usage: copy(FROM, TO [, BUFFERSIZE]) ")
unless(@_ == 2 || @_ == 3);
my $from = shift;
my $to = shift;
my $size;
if (@_) {
$size = shift(@_) + 0;
croak("Bad buffer size for copy: $size\n") unless ($size > 0);
}
my $from_a_handle = (ref($from)
? (ref($from) eq 'GLOB'
|| UNIVERSAL::isa($from, 'GLOB')
|| UNIVERSAL::isa($from, 'IO::Handle'))
: (ref(\$from) eq 'GLOB'));
my $to_a_handle = (ref($to)
? (ref($to) eq 'GLOB'
|| UNIVERSAL::isa($to, 'GLOB')
|| UNIVERSAL::isa($to, 'IO::Handle'))
: (ref(\$to) eq 'GLOB'));
if (_eq($from, $to)) { # works for references, too
carp("'$from' and '$to' are identical (not copied)");
# The "copy" was a success as the source and destination contain
# the same data.
return 1;
}
if ((($Config{d_symlink} && $Config{d_readlink}) || $Config{d_link}) &&
!($^O eq 'MSWin32' || $^O eq 'os2')) {
my @fs = stat($from);
if (@fs) {
my @ts = stat($to);
if (@ts && $fs[0] == $ts[0] && $fs[1] == $ts[1]) {
carp("'$from' and '$to' are identical (not copied)");
return 0;
}
}
}
if (!$from_a_handle && !$to_a_handle && -d $to && ! -d $from) {
$to = _catname($from, $to);
}
if (defined &syscopy && !$Syscopy_is_copy
&& !$to_a_handle
&& !($from_a_handle && $^O eq 'os2' ) # OS/2 cannot handle handles
&& !($from_a_handle && $^O eq 'mpeix') # and neither can MPE/iX.
&& !($from_a_handle && $^O eq 'MSWin32')
&& !($from_a_handle && $^O eq 'MacOS')
&& !($from_a_handle && $^O eq 'NetWare')
)
{
my $copy_to = $to;
if ($^O eq 'VMS' && -e $from) {
if (! -d $to && ! -d $from) {
# VMS has sticky defaults on extensions, which means that
# if there is a null extension on the destination file, it
# will inherit the extension of the source file
# So add a '.' for a null extension.
$copy_to = VMS::Filespec::vmsify($to);
my ($vol, $dirs, $file) = File::Spec->splitpath($copy_to);
$file = $file . '.' unless ($file =~ /(?catpath($vol, $dirs, $file);
# Get rid of the old versions to be like UNIX
1 while unlink $copy_to;
}
}
return syscopy($from, $copy_to);
}
my $closefrom = 0;
my $closeto = 0;
my ($status, $r, $buf);
local($\) = '';
my $from_h;
if ($from_a_handle) {
$from_h = $from;
} else {
$from = _protect($from) if $from =~ /^\s/s;
$from_h = \do { local *FH };
open $from_h, "<", $from or goto fail_open1;
binmode $from_h or die "($!,$^E)";
$closefrom = 1;
}
# Seems most logical to do this here, in case future changes would want to
# make this croak for some reason.
unless (defined $size) {
$size = tied(*$from_h) ? 0 : -s $from_h || 0;
$size = 1024 if ($size < 512);
$size = $Too_Big if ($size > $Too_Big);
}
my $to_h;
if ($to_a_handle) {
$to_h = $to;
} else {
$to = _protect($to) if $to =~ /^\s/s;
$to_h = \do { local *FH };
open $to_h, ">", $to or goto fail_open2;
binmode $to_h or die "($!,$^E)";
$closeto = 1;
}
$! = 0;
for (;;) {
my ($r, $w, $t);
defined($r = sysread($from_h, $buf, $size))
or goto fail_inner;
last unless $r;
for ($w = 0; $w < $r; $w += $t) {
$t = syswrite($to_h, $buf, $r - $w, $w)
or goto fail_inner;
}
}
close($to_h) || goto fail_open2 if $closeto;
close($from_h) || goto fail_open1 if $closefrom;
# Use this idiom to avoid uninitialized value warning.
return 1;
# All of these contortions try to preserve error messages...
fail_inner:
if ($closeto) {
$status = $!;
$! = 0;
close $to_h;
$! = $status unless $!;
}
fail_open2:
if ($closefrom) {
$status = $!;
$! = 0;
close $from_h;
$! = $status unless $!;
}
fail_open1:
return 0;
}
sub move {
croak("Usage: move(FROM, TO) ") unless @_ == 2;
my($from,$to) = @_;
my($fromsz,$tosz1,$tomt1,$tosz2,$tomt2,$sts,$ossts);
if (-d $to && ! -d $from) {
$to = _catname($from, $to);
}
($tosz1,$tomt1) = (stat($to))[7,9];
$fromsz = -s $from;
if ($^O eq 'os2' and defined $tosz1 and defined $fromsz) {
# will not rename with overwrite
unlink $to;
}
my $rename_to = $to;
if (-$^O eq 'VMS' && -e $from) {
if (! -d $to && ! -d $from) {
# VMS has sticky defaults on extensions, which means that
# if there is a null extension on the destination file, it
# will inherit the extension of the source file
# So add a '.' for a null extension.
$rename_to = VMS::Filespec::vmsify($to);
my ($vol, $dirs, $file) = File::Spec->splitpath($rename_to);
$file = $file . '.' unless ($file =~ /(?catpath($vol, $dirs, $file);
# Get rid of the old versions to be like UNIX
1 while unlink $rename_to;
}
}
return 1 if rename $from, $rename_to;
# Did rename return an error even though it succeeded, because $to
# is on a remote NFS file system, and NFS lost the server's ack?
return 1 if defined($fromsz) && !-e $from && # $from disappeared
(($tosz2,$tomt2) = (stat($to))[7,9]) && # $to's there
((!defined $tosz1) || # not before or
($tosz1 != $tosz2 or $tomt1 != $tomt2)) && # was changed
$tosz2 == $fromsz; # it's all there
($tosz1,$tomt1) = (stat($to))[7,9]; # just in case rename did something
{
local $@;
eval {
local $SIG{__DIE__};
copy($from,$to) or die;
my($atime, $mtime) = (stat($from))[8,9];
utime($atime, $mtime, $to);
unlink($from) or die;
};
return 1 unless $@;
}
($sts,$ossts) = ($! + 0, $^E + 0);
($tosz2,$tomt2) = ((stat($to))[7,9],0,0) if defined $tomt1;
unlink($to) if !defined($tomt1) or $tomt1 != $tomt2 or $tosz1 != $tosz2;
($!,$^E) = ($sts,$ossts);
return 0;
}
*cp = \©
*mv = \&move;
if ($^O eq 'MacOS') {
*_protect = sub { MacPerl::MakeFSSpec($_[0]) };
} else {
*_protect = sub { "./$_[0]" };
}
# &syscopy is an XSUB under OS/2
unless (defined &syscopy) {
if ($^O eq 'VMS') {
*syscopy = \&rmscopy;
} elsif ($^O eq 'mpeix') {
*syscopy = sub {
return 0 unless @_ == 2;
# Use the MPE cp program in order to
# preserve MPE file attributes.
return system('/bin/cp', '-f', $_[0], $_[1]) == 0;
};
} elsif ($^O eq 'MSWin32' && defined &DynaLoader::boot_DynaLoader) {
# Win32::CopyFile() fill only work if we can load Win32.xs
*syscopy = sub {
return 0 unless @_ == 2;
return Win32::CopyFile(@_, 1);
};
} elsif ($macfiles) {
*syscopy = sub {
my($from, $to) = @_;
my($dir, $toname);
return 0 unless -e $from;
if ($to =~ /(.*:)([^:]+):?$/) {
($dir, $toname) = ($1, $2);
} else {
($dir, $toname) = (":", $to);
}
unlink($to);
Mac::MoreFiles::FSpFileCopy($from, $dir, $toname, 1);
};
} else {
$Syscopy_is_copy = 1;
*syscopy = \©
}
}
1;
__END__
=head1 NAME
File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles
=head1 SYNOPSIS
use File::Copy;
copy("file1","file2") or die "Copy failed: $!";
copy("Copy.pm",\*STDOUT);
move("/dev1/fileA","/dev2/fileB");
use File::Copy "cp";
$n = FileHandle->new("/a/file","r");
cp($n,"x");
=head1 DESCRIPTION
The File::Copy module provides two basic functions, C and
C, which are useful for getting the contents of a file from
one place to another.
=over 4
=item copy
X X
The C function takes two
parameters: a file to copy from and a file to copy to. Either
argument may be a string, a FileHandle reference or a FileHandle
glob. Obviously, if the first argument is a filehandle of some
sort, it will be read from, and if it is a file I it will
be opened for reading. Likewise, the second argument will be
written to (and created if need be). Trying to copy a file on top
of itself is a fatal error.
B Files are opened in binary mode where
applicable. To get a consistent behaviour when copying from a
filehandle to a file, use C on the filehandle.
An optional third parameter can be used to specify the buffer
size used for copying. This is the number of bytes from the
first file, that will be held in memory at any given time, before
being written to the second file. The default buffer size depends
upon the file, but will generally be the whole file (up to 2MB), or
1k for filehandles that do not reference files (eg. sockets).
You may use the syntax C