package Module::Build;
# This module doesn't do much of anything itself, it inherits from the
# modules that do the real work. The only real thing it has to do is
# figure out which OS-specific module to pull in. Many of the
# OS-specific modules don't do anything either - most of the work is
# done in Module::Build::Base.
use strict;
use File::Spec ();
use File::Path ();
use File::Basename ();
use Module::Build::Base;
use vars qw($VERSION @ISA);
@ISA = qw(Module::Build::Base);
$VERSION = '0.35';
$VERSION = eval $VERSION;
# Okay, this is the brute-force method of finding out what kind of
# platform we're on. I don't know of a systematic way. These values
# came from the latest (bleadperl) perlport.pod.
my %OSTYPES = qw(
aix Unix
bsdos Unix
dgux Unix
dragonfly Unix
dynixptx Unix
freebsd Unix
linux Unix
haiku Unix
hpux Unix
irix Unix
darwin Unix
machten Unix
midnightbsd Unix
mirbsd Unix
next Unix
openbsd Unix
netbsd Unix
dec_osf Unix
nto Unix
svr4 Unix
svr5 Unix
sco_sv Unix
unicos Unix
unicosmk Unix
solaris Unix
sunos Unix
cygwin Unix
os2 Unix
interix Unix
gnu Unix
gnukfreebsd Unix
nto Unix
dos Windows
MSWin32 Windows
os390 EBCDIC
os400 EBCDIC
posix-bc EBCDIC
vmesa EBCDIC
MacOS MacOS
VMS VMS
VOS VOS
riscos RiscOS
amigaos Amiga
mpeix MPEiX
);
# Inserts the given module into the @ISA hierarchy between
# Module::Build and its immediate parent
sub _interpose_module {
my ($self, $mod) = @_;
eval "use $mod";
die $@ if $@;
no strict 'refs';
my $top_class = $mod;
while (@{"${top_class}::ISA"}) {
last if ${"${top_class}::ISA"}[0] eq $ISA[0];
$top_class = ${"${top_class}::ISA"}[0];
}
@{"${top_class}::ISA"} = @ISA;
@ISA = ($mod);
}
if (grep {-e File::Spec->catfile($_, qw(Module Build Platform), $^O) . '.pm'} @INC) {
__PACKAGE__->_interpose_module("Module::Build::Platform::$^O");
} elsif (exists $OSTYPES{$^O}) {
__PACKAGE__->_interpose_module("Module::Build::Platform::$OSTYPES{$^O}");
} else {
warn "Unknown OS type '$^O' - using default settings\n";
}
sub os_type { $OSTYPES{$^O} }
sub is_vmsish { return ((os_type() || '') eq 'VMS') }
sub is_windowsish { return ((os_type() || '') eq 'Windows') }
sub is_unixish { return ((os_type() || '') eq 'Unix') }
1;
__END__
=for :stopwords
bindoc binhtml destdir distcheck distclean distdir distmeta distsign disttest
fakeinstall html installdirs installsitebin installsitescript installvendorbin
installvendorscript libdoc libhtml pardist ppd ppmdist realclean skipcheck
testall testcover testdb testpod testpodcoverage versioninstall
=head1 NAME
Module::Build - Build and install Perl modules
=head1 SYNOPSIS
Standard process for building & installing modules:
perl Build.PL
./Build
./Build test
./Build install
Or, if you're on a platform (like DOS or Windows) that doesn't require
the "./" notation, you can do this:
perl Build.PL
Build
Build test
Build install
=head1 DESCRIPTION
C is a system for building, testing, and installing
Perl modules. It is meant to be an alternative to
C. Developers may alter the behavior of the
module through subclassing in a much more straightforward way than
with C. It also does not require a C on your system
- most of the C code is pure-perl and written in a very
cross-platform way. In fact, you don't even need a shell, so even
platforms like MacOS (traditional) can use it fairly easily. Its only
prerequisites are modules that are included with perl 5.6.0, and it
works fine on perl 5.005 if you can install a few additional modules.
See L<"MOTIVATIONS"> for more comparisons between C
and C.
To install C, and any other module that uses
C for its installation process, do the following:
perl Build.PL # 'Build.PL' script creates the 'Build' script
./Build # Need ./ to ensure we're using this "Build" script
./Build test # and not another one that happens to be in the PATH
./Build install
This illustrates initial configuration and the running of three
'actions'. In this case the actions run are 'build' (the default
action), 'test', and 'install'. Other actions defined so far include:
build manpages
clean pardist
code ppd
config_data ppmdist
diff prereq_data
dist prereq_report
distcheck pure_install
distclean realclean
distdir retest
distmeta skipcheck
distsign test
disttest testall
docs testcover
fakeinstall testdb
help testpod
html testpodcoverage
install versioninstall
manifest
You can run the 'help' action for a complete list of actions.
=head1 GUIDE TO DOCUMENTATION
The documentation for C is broken up into three sections:
=over
=item General Usage (L)
This is the document you are currently reading. It describes basic
usage and background information. Its main purpose is to assist the
user who wants to learn how to invoke and control C
scripts at the command line.
=item Authoring Reference (L)
This document describes the structure and organization of
C, and the relevant concepts needed by authors who are
writing F scripts for a distribution or controlling
C processes programmatically.
=item API Reference (L)
This is a reference to the C API.
=item Cookbook (L)
This document demonstrates how to accomplish many common tasks. It
covers general command line usage and authoring of F
scripts. Includes working examples.
=back
=head1 ACTIONS
There are some general principles at work here. First, each task when
building a module is called an "action". These actions are listed
above; they correspond to the building, testing, installing,
packaging, etc., tasks.
Second, arguments are processed in a very systematic way. Arguments
are always key=value pairs. They may be specified at C
time (i.e. C), in which case
their values last for the lifetime of the C script. They may
also be specified when executing a particular action (i.e.
C), in which case their values last only for the
lifetime of that command. Per-action command line parameters take
precedence over parameters specified at C time.
The build process also relies heavily on the C module.
If the user wishes to override any of the
values in C, she may specify them like so:
perl Build.PL --config cc=gcc --config ld=gcc
The following build actions are provided by default.
=over 4
=item build
[version 0.01]
If you run the C script without any arguments, it runs the
C action, which in turn runs the C and C actions.
This is analogous to the C I target.
=item clean
[version 0.01]
This action will clean up any files that the build process may have
created, including the C directory (but not including the
C<_build/> directory and the C script itself).
=item code
[version 0.20]
This action builds your code base.
By default it just creates a C directory and copies any C<.pm>
and C<.pod> files from your C directory into the C
directory. It also compiles any C<.xs> files from C and places
them in C. Of course, you need a working C compiler (probably
the same one that built perl itself) for the compilation to work
properly.
The C action also runs any C<.PL> files in your F
directory. Typically these create other files, named the same but
without the C<.PL> ending. For example, a file F
could create the file F. The C<.PL> files are
processed first, so any C<.pm> files (or other kinds that we deal
with) will get copied correctly.
=item config_data
[version 0.26]
...
=item diff
[version 0.14]
This action will compare the files about to be installed with their
installed counterparts. For .pm and .pod files, a diff will be shown
(this currently requires a 'diff' program to be in your PATH). For
other files like compiled binary files, we simply report whether they
differ.
A C parameter may be passed to the action, which will be passed
to the 'diff' program. Consult your 'diff' documentation for the
parameters it will accept - a good one is C<-u>:
./Build diff flags=-u
=item dist
[version 0.02]
This action is helpful for module authors who want to package up their
module for source distribution through a medium like CPAN. It will create a
tarball of the files listed in F and compress the tarball using
GZIP compression.
By default, this action will use the C module. However, you can
force it to use binary "tar" and "gzip" executables by supplying an explicit
C (and optional C) parameter:
./Build dist --tar C:\path\to\tar.exe --gzip C:\path\to\zip.exe
=item distcheck
[version 0.05]
Reports which files are in the build directory but not in the
F file, and vice versa. (See L for details.)
=item distclean
[version 0.05]
Performs the 'realclean' action and then the 'distcheck' action.
=item distdir
[version 0.05]
Creates a "distribution directory" named C<$dist_name-$dist_version>
(if that directory already exists, it will be removed first), then
copies all the files listed in the F file to that directory.
This directory is what the distribution tarball is created from.
=item distmeta
[version 0.21]
Creates the F file that describes the distribution.
F is a file containing various bits of I about the
distribution. The metadata includes the distribution name, version,
abstract, prerequisites, license, and various other data about the
distribution. This file is created as F in YAML format.
It is recommended that the C module be installed to create it.
If the C module is not installed, an internal module supplied
with Module::Build will be used to write the META.yml file, and this
will most likely be fine.
F file must also be listed in F - if it's not, a
warning will be issued.
The current version of the F specification can be found at
L
=item distsign
[version 0.16]
Uses C to create a SIGNATURE file for your
distribution, and adds the SIGNATURE file to the distribution's
MANIFEST.
=item disttest
[version 0.05]
Performs the 'distdir' action, then switches into that directory and
runs a C, followed by the 'build' and 'test' actions in
that directory.
=item docs
[version 0.20]
This will generate documentation (e.g. Unix man pages and HTML
documents) for any installable items under B that
contain POD. If there are no C or C installation
targets defined (as will be the case on systems that don't support
Unix manpages) no action is taken for manpages. If there are no
C or C installation targets defined no action is
taken for HTML documents.
=item fakeinstall
[version 0.02]
This is just like the C action, but it won't actually do
anything, it will just report what it I have done if you had
actually run the C action.
=item help
[version 0.03]
This action will simply print out a message that is meant to help you
use the build process. It will show you a list of available build
actions too.
With an optional argument specifying an action name (e.g. C), the 'help' action will show you any POD documentation it can
find for that action.
=item html
[version 0.26]
This will generate HTML documentation for any binary or library files
under B that contain POD. The HTML documentation will only be
installed if the install paths can be determined from values in
C. You can also supply or override install paths on the
command line by specifying C values for the C
and/or C installation targets.
=item install
[version 0.01]
This action will use C to install the files from
C into the system. See L<"INSTALL PATHS">
for details about how Module::Build determines where to install
things, and how to influence this process.
If you want the installation process to look around in C<@INC> for
other versions of the stuff you're installing and try to delete it,
you can use the C parameter, which tells C to
do so:
./Build install uninst=1
This can be a good idea, as it helps prevent multiple versions of a
module from being present on your system, which can be a confusing
situation indeed.
=item manifest
[version 0.05]
This is an action intended for use by module authors, not people
installing modules. It will bring the F up to date with the
files currently present in the distribution. You may use a
F file to exclude certain files or directories from
inclusion in the F. F should contain a bunch
of regular expressions, one per line. If a file in the distribution
directory matches any of the regular expressions, it won't be included
in the F.
The following is a reasonable F starting point, you can
add your own stuff to it:
^_build
^Build$
^blib
~$
\.bak$
^MANIFEST\.SKIP$
CVS
See the L and L actions if you want to find out
what the C action would do, without actually doing anything.
=item manpages
[version 0.28]
This will generate man pages for any binary or library files under
B that contain POD. The man pages will only be installed if the
install paths can be determined from values in C. You can
also supply or override install paths by specifying there values on
the command line with the C and C installation
targets.
=item pardist
[version 0.2806]
Generates a PAR binary distribution for use with L or L.
It requires that the PAR::Dist module (version 0.17 and up) is
installed on your system.
=item ppd
[version 0.20]
Build a PPD file for your distribution.
This action takes an optional argument C which is used in
the generated PPD file to specify the (usually relative) URL of the
distribution. By default, this value is the distribution name without
any path information.
Example:
./Build ppd --codebase "MSWin32-x86-multi-thread/Module-Build-0.21.tar.gz"
=item ppmdist
[version 0.23]
Generates a PPM binary distribution and a PPD description file. This
action also invokes the C action, so it can accept the same
C argument described under that action.
This uses the same mechanism as the C action to tar & zip its
output, so you can supply C and/or C parameters to affect
the result.
=item prereq_data
[version 0.32]
This action prints out a Perl data structure of all prerequisites and the versions
required. The output can be loaded again using C. This can be useful for
external tools that wish to query a Build script for prerequisites.
=item prereq_report
[version 0.28]
This action prints out a list of all prerequisites, the versions required, and
the versions actually installed. This can be useful for reviewing the
configuration of your system prior to a build, or when compiling data to send
for a bug report.
=item pure_install
[version 0.28]
This action is identical to the C action. In the future,
though, when C starts writing to the file
F<$(INSTALLARCHLIB)/perllocal.pod>, C won't, and that
will be the only difference between them.
=item realclean
[version 0.01]
This action is just like the C action, but also removes the
C<_build> directory and the C script. If you run the
C action, you are essentially starting over, so you will
have to re-create the C script again.
=item retest
[version 0.2806]
This is just like the C action, but doesn't actually build the
distribution first, and doesn't add F to the load path, and
therefore will test against a I installed version of the
distribution. This can be used to verify that a certain installed
distribution still works, or to see whether newer versions of a
distribution still pass the old regression tests, and so on.
=item skipcheck
[version 0.05]
Reports which files are skipped due to the entries in the
F file (See L for details)
=item test
[version 0.01]
This will use C or C to run any regression
tests and report their results. Tests can be defined in the standard
places: a file called C in the top-level directory, or several
files ending with C<.t> in a C directory.
If you want tests to be 'verbose', i.e. show details of test execution
rather than just summary information, pass the argument C.
If you want to run tests under the perl debugger, pass the argument
C.
If you want to have Module::Build find test files with different file
name extensions, pass the C argument with an array
of extensions, such as C<[qw( .t .s .z )]>.
If you want test to be run by C, rather than C,
pass the argument C as an array reference of arguments to
pass to the TAP::Harness constructor.
In addition, if a file called C exists in the top-level
directory, this file will be executed as a Perl script and its output
will be shown to the user. This is a good place to put speed tests or
other tests that don't use the C format for output.
To override the choice of tests to run, you may pass a C
argument whose value is a whitespace-separated list of test scripts to
run. This is especially useful in development, when you only want to
run a single test to see whether you've squashed a certain bug yet:
./Build test --test_files t/something_failing.t
You may also pass several C arguments separately:
./Build test --test_files t/one.t --test_files t/two.t
or use a C-style pattern:
./Build test --test_files 't/01-*.t'
=item testall
[version 0.2807]
[Note: the 'testall' action and the code snippets below are currently
in alpha stage, see
L<"http://www.nntp.perl.org/group/perl.module.build/2007/03/msg584.html"> ]
Runs the C action plus each of the C actions defined by
the keys of the C parameter.
Currently, you need to define the ACTION_test$type method yourself and
enumerate them in the test_types parameter.
my $mb = Module::Build->subclass(
code => q(
sub ACTION_testspecial { shift->generic_test(type => 'special'); }
sub ACTION_testauthor { shift->generic_test(type => 'author'); }
)
)->new(
...
test_types => {
special => '.st',
author => ['.at', '.pt' ],
},
...
=item testcover
[version 0.26]
Runs the C action using C, generating a
code-coverage report showing which parts of the code were actually
exercised during the tests.
To pass options to C, set the C<$DEVEL_COVER_OPTIONS>
environment variable:
DEVEL_COVER_OPTIONS=-ignore,Build ./Build testcover
=item testdb
[version 0.05]
This is a synonym for the 'test' action with the C
argument.
=item testpod
[version 0.25]
This checks all the files described in the C action and
produces C-style output. If you are a module author,
this is useful to run before creating a new release.
=item testpodcoverage
[version 0.28]
This checks the pod coverage of the distribution and
produces C-style output. If you are a module author,
this is useful to run before creating a new release.
=item versioninstall
[version 0.16]
** Note: since C is so new, and since we just recently added
support for it here too, this feature is to be considered
experimental. **
If you have the C module installed on your system, you can
use this action to install a module into the version-specific library
trees. This means that you can have several versions of the same
module installed and C